文学和伦理面对“上帝之死”:列维纳斯与福柯的文论比较

发布时间：2019-03-14 19:50

【摘要】：通过布朗肖的中介,列维纳斯和福柯的文论建立了隐秘的关联。布朗肖受列维纳斯的启发所使用的"外部"等概念,在福柯那里得到了延续。福柯将文学视作一种不断向外部僭越的运动。这种僭越不同于列维纳斯朝向他者的超越。在列维纳斯那里,他者与我处于一种不对称结构之中,他者高于我,是以才能带动我超越自我的禁锢,而福柯反形而上学的文论则倾向于一种平面化的构造。列维纳斯和福柯代表了尼采宣告"上帝死了"之后的两种伦理价值取向,前者希望通过他者和伦理学来重塑哲学,并寻回上帝,后者则将这一事件作为重塑自我的契机,并回归到希伯来上帝进入西方之前的希腊异教时代去寻找启示。列维纳斯和福柯的伦理学和美学在诸多方面都形成对立,但在建构一种反法西斯的身体美学或伦理这点上,二者又殊途同归。
[Abstract]:Through Brownshaw's intermediary, Levinas and Foucault's literary theory established a hidden connection. Brownshaw's concept of "exterior", inspired by Levinas, was extended by Foucault. Foucault regarded literature as a movement of incessant encroachment on the outside. This transgression is different from Levinas's transcendence towards the other. At Levinas, the other and I are in an asymmetrical structure. The other is above me in order to drive me beyond the confines of my self, while Foucault's anti-metaphysical literary theory tends to be a flat structure. Levinas and Foucault represent two ethical values following Nietzsche's declaration that God is dead. The former hopes to reshape philosophy through the other and ethics and to find God, while the latter regards this event as an opportunity to reinvent himself. And return to the Greek pagan era before Hebrew God entered the West in search of revelation. The ethics and aesthetics of Levinas and Foucault are opposed in many aspects, but they have the same goal in constructing an anti-fascist body aesthetics or ethics.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学中文系;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“列维纳斯与文学批评研究”(批准号:16CZW005);国家社科基金重大项目“当代西方前沿文论研究”(批准号:14ZDB087)成果
【分类号】：I0

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