抵抗式翻译理论视域下梅珠迪和史耀华《洗澡》译本中的文化负载词英译研究
发布时间：2019-05-15 23:16
【摘要】：随着中国经济的快速发展,中国在国际舞台上发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是中国文化的国际影响力仍相对较弱,“西强我弱”的文化格局仍然存在。而翻译作为不同文化交流的桥梁,可以在一定程度上影响这种不平等的局面。打破现有的文化格局,最重要是发扬中国文化,贯彻实施“中国文化走出去”战略,从而最终提升中国文化软实力及其国际地位。《洗澡》是杨绛先生唯一一篇长篇小说,该小说蕴含大量体现汉语语言异质性和文化异质性的文化负载词,研究这些异质性的翻译可以促进中国语言和文化走出去。《洗澡》英译本由美国人梅珠迪和美籍华人史耀华合作而成,该译本也得到了杨绛本人的肯定。由于汉语文化负载词蕴含着中华民族特有的语言异质性和文化异质性,因此在翻译过程中做到完整地保留这些异质性相当的困难。采取合适的翻译策略及方法处理好这些文化负载词的翻译是弘扬中国文化的有效途径之一。美国翻译家劳伦斯·韦努蒂所提出的抵抗式翻译理论提倡在译文中看得见译者,在译文中表达出源语语言和文化上的差异,追求的是“存异”,而非“求同”,以抵抗强势文本对弱势文化的侵吞,从而提高弱势文化地位。这一翻译思想与提高中国文化全球影响力的任务不谋而合。因此,笔者选择韦努蒂的抵抗式翻译为本论文的理论基础。本文以韦努蒂的抵抗式翻译理论为指导,从语言和文化两个层面研究《洗澡》英译本中文化负载词“佳译”之处和“欠佳译”之处。经笔者对《洗澡》原著及译著的对比研究发现二位合译者的“佳译”之处主要体现在以下三方面:一、保留源语语言异质性;二、保留源语文化异质性;三、保留源语语言和文化异质性。通过分析论证译者保留异质性所采取的翻译方法,梳理总结经验。同时,笔者亦发现二位合译者的“欠佳译”之处主要表现为以下三方面的问题:一、丢失源语语言异质性;二、不当处理源语文化异质性;三、不当处理源语语言及文化异质性。通过分析译者翻译不当的原因,文章进一步提出了相应的解决办法,以达到最大程度上传达汉语文化负载词语言及文化异质性的目的。最后得出结论:《洗澡》英译本中汉语文化负载词翻译基本做到了语言和文化传真,但仍然存在一些语言和文化异质因素的丢失或误译问题。我们应当本着“让中国文化走出去”的原则,多关注语言和文化传播的完整性,将翻译作为实践语言和文化差异性的场点,多考虑抵抗式翻译,尽量采用异化策略,使用直译、直译加文内释义、直译加文外注释、音译加文外注释和释译的翻译方法,这样才能渐渐扭转如今文化交流不平等的现象,提升中国文化软实力,为英语读者创造更多了解和学习中国文化的机会。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, China is playing a more and more important role on the international stage. However, the international influence of Chinese culture is still relatively weak, and the cultural pattern of "western strong and weak" still exists. Translation, as a bridge of cultural communication, can affect this inequality to a certain extent. To break the existing cultural pattern, the most important thing is to carry forward Chinese culture and implement the strategy of "Chinese culture going out", so as to ultimately enhance the soft power of Chinese culture and its international status. "Bath" is Mr. Yang Jiang's only novel. The novel contains a large number of cultural load words that reflect the heterogeneity of Chinese language and culture. The study of these heterogeneous translations can promote the development of Chinese language and culture. The English translation of Bath is made by Mei Zhudi, an American, and Shi Yaohua, a Chinese American, which has also been affirmed by Yang Jiang himself. Because Chinese culture-loaded words contain the unique linguistic heterogeneity and cultural heterogeneity of the Chinese nation, it is quite difficult to preserve these heterogeneity completely in the process of translation. It is one of the effective ways to carry forward Chinese culture to adopt appropriate translation strategies and methods to deal with the translation of these culture-loaded words. The resistant translation theory put forward by American translator Laurence Wenuti advocates that the translator can be seen in the target text, expresses the linguistic and cultural differences in the source language in the translation, and pursues "reserving differences" rather than "seeking common ground". In order to resist the embezzlement of weak culture by strong texts, so as to improve the status of weak culture. This translation idea coincides with the task of enhancing the global influence of Chinese culture. Therefore, the author chooses Wenuti's resistant translation as the theoretical basis of this thesis. Under the guidance of Wenuti's resistant translation theory, this paper studies the "good translation" and "poor translation" of the culture-loaded words in the English translation of Bath from two aspects of language and culture. Through a contrastive study of the original and translated works of Bath, it is found that the two co-translators'"good Translation" is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: (1) retaining the heterogeneity of the source language, (2) retaining the cultural heterogeneity of the source language, and (2) retaining the cultural heterogeneity of the source language. Third, preserve the linguistic and cultural heterogeneity of the source language. Through the analysis and demonstration of the translation methods adopted by the translator to retain heterogeneity, this paper combs and summarizes the experience. At the same time, the author also finds that the "poor translation" of the two co-translators is mainly manifested in the following three aspects: first, the loss of source language heterogeneity; second, improper treatment of source language cultural heterogeneity; Third, improper treatment of source language and cultural heterogeneity. By analyzing the reasons for the translator's improper translation, this paper further puts forward the corresponding solutions in order to convey the language and cultural heterogeneity of Chinese culture-loaded words to the greatest extent. Finally, it is concluded that the translation of Chinese culture-loaded words in the English translation of Bath has basically achieved language and cultural facsimile, but there are still some problems of language and cultural heterogeneity loss or mistranslations. In accordance with the principle of "let Chinese culture go out", we should pay more attention to the integrity of language and cultural communication, regard translation as the field of practical language and cultural differences, consider more resistant translation, try our best to adopt foreignization strategy and use literal translation. In order to gradually reverse the inequality of cultural exchange and enhance the soft power of Chinese culture, the translation methods of literal translation plus external interpretation, transliteration and external interpretation can gradually reverse the inequality of cultural exchange and enhance the soft power of Chinese culture. Create more opportunities for English readers to understand and learn Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046
本文编号：2477841
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, China is playing a more and more important role on the international stage. However, the international influence of Chinese culture is still relatively weak, and the cultural pattern of "western strong and weak" still exists. Translation, as a bridge of cultural communication, can affect this inequality to a certain extent. To break the existing cultural pattern, the most important thing is to carry forward Chinese culture and implement the strategy of "Chinese culture going out", so as to ultimately enhance the soft power of Chinese culture and its international status. "Bath" is Mr. Yang Jiang's only novel. The novel contains a large number of cultural load words that reflect the heterogeneity of Chinese language and culture. The study of these heterogeneous translations can promote the development of Chinese language and culture. The English translation of Bath is made by Mei Zhudi, an American, and Shi Yaohua, a Chinese American, which has also been affirmed by Yang Jiang himself. Because Chinese culture-loaded words contain the unique linguistic heterogeneity and cultural heterogeneity of the Chinese nation, it is quite difficult to preserve these heterogeneity completely in the process of translation. It is one of the effective ways to carry forward Chinese culture to adopt appropriate translation strategies and methods to deal with the translation of these culture-loaded words. The resistant translation theory put forward by American translator Laurence Wenuti advocates that the translator can be seen in the target text, expresses the linguistic and cultural differences in the source language in the translation, and pursues "reserving differences" rather than "seeking common ground". In order to resist the embezzlement of weak culture by strong texts, so as to improve the status of weak culture. This translation idea coincides with the task of enhancing the global influence of Chinese culture. Therefore, the author chooses Wenuti's resistant translation as the theoretical basis of this thesis. Under the guidance of Wenuti's resistant translation theory, this paper studies the "good translation" and "poor translation" of the culture-loaded words in the English translation of Bath from two aspects of language and culture. Through a contrastive study of the original and translated works of Bath, it is found that the two co-translators'"good Translation" is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: (1) retaining the heterogeneity of the source language, (2) retaining the cultural heterogeneity of the source language, and (2) retaining the cultural heterogeneity of the source language. Third, preserve the linguistic and cultural heterogeneity of the source language. Through the analysis and demonstration of the translation methods adopted by the translator to retain heterogeneity, this paper combs and summarizes the experience. At the same time, the author also finds that the "poor translation" of the two co-translators is mainly manifested in the following three aspects: first, the loss of source language heterogeneity; second, improper treatment of source language cultural heterogeneity; Third, improper treatment of source language and cultural heterogeneity. By analyzing the reasons for the translator's improper translation, this paper further puts forward the corresponding solutions in order to convey the language and cultural heterogeneity of Chinese culture-loaded words to the greatest extent. Finally, it is concluded that the translation of Chinese culture-loaded words in the English translation of Bath has basically achieved language and cultural facsimile, but there are still some problems of language and cultural heterogeneity loss or mistranslations. In accordance with the principle of "let Chinese culture go out", we should pay more attention to the integrity of language and cultural communication, regard translation as the field of practical language and cultural differences, consider more resistant translation, try our best to adopt foreignization strategy and use literal translation. In order to gradually reverse the inequality of cultural exchange and enhance the soft power of Chinese culture, the translation methods of literal translation plus external interpretation, transliteration and external interpretation can gradually reverse the inequality of cultural exchange and enhance the soft power of Chinese culture. Create more opportunities for English readers to understand and learn Chinese culture.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315.9;I046
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