劳伦斯与沈从文主题学比较
发布时间：2019-06-10 22:20
【摘要】： 劳伦斯与沈从文是两位曾饱受争议,而后其艺术成就又得到肯定和大力推崇的两位作家。他们在各自的作品中表现了对人类文明进程关注的文化心态,表达了强烈的生命意识和用生命的烈焰、血的支柱拯救民族、人类的终极关怀意识。 学术界对劳伦斯与沈从文的研究已趋于成熟,然而从比较文学的视角把两位作家放在一起研究的作品却不多。主题学、文类学和比较诗学在比较文学的平行研究领域中占着显著的地位。选取比较文学中主题学比较的视角研究二位作家不仅是因为采用此种角度进行研究的作品凤毛麟角,还因为从两位作家作品中反映出来关于人类文化走向与人类共同命运的主题有着诸多的“不谋而合”。然而毕竟两位作家生活在不同的民族,不同的文化背景里,他们对于在其作品中所呈现出的一些共同主题(例如反现代文明、自然、性力等)的阐释又有着共通中的不同。 选取反现代文明、自然、性力等几个主题作为本文研究的对象不仅因其典型性:这几个主题贯穿两位作家作品的始终,而且因为这几个主题的内在统一性:反现代文明是目的,回归自然是方法,性力是回归自然的具体重要途径。在反现代文明这一主题上,劳伦斯重在反工业化,而沈从文重在反汉文化、儒家文化。自然观上,劳伦斯认为人类文明,尤其是工业文明扭曲了人性,造成了人的异化,要解决这一问题只有融入到大自然中去,恢复人的“血性意识”。沈从文则认为自然不仅可以养育人,而且还可以教育人,自然是最好的启蒙者。性爱观上,劳伦斯认为性是生命的重要组成部分,性乃生命之源。劳伦斯把两性关系的和谐与否作为达到自我实现的一种手段,并企图用性来解决一切社会问题。沈从文肯定性爱的自在状态,认为自然健康的情欲是人性美德体现。性力即生命力,性爱被赋予宗教般的圣仪地位。对他而言,性爱即是人的生命存在、生命意识的符号,压抑性爱是人类文明进程中相伴随而来的生命力萎缩的标志。 由于所属文化的独特性和所属文明阶段的差异性,二位作家在对文明批判、对自然生命意识的理解和对“理想国”的构想上又有明显的不同。沈从文在作品中构建了乡村和都市两个截然对立的世界,试图用乡民身上充溢的生命力为老迈龙钟的民族注入活力,实现民族再造。劳伦斯则反复强调一种“血肉比心智更聪明”的观点,寄希望于有着太阳般生命力的自然之子能唤醒英格兰被机械文明毁坏了的人性,恢复男人与女人之间的和谐关系,完善分裂的“自我”,从而使民族与人类走向再生。虽然他们对工业文明的批判在一定程度上缺乏历史理性的整体观照,而显得有些过激和片面,但二人对生命意识的理解和对人类未来的凝眸又使他们的作品具有现代意识,因而超越了地域、超越了时代,在与世界的交流中唤起了共鸣。
[Abstract]:Laurence and Shen Congwen are two writers who have been controversial, and then their artistic achievements have been affirmed and highly respected. In their respective works, they show the cultural mentality of paying attention to the process of human civilization, express the strong consciousness of life and the sense of ultimate concern of human beings with the scorching sun of life, the pillar of blood to save the nation, and the ultimate concern of human beings. The academic research on Laurence and Shen Congwen has become mature, but there are not many works that put the two writers together from the perspective of comparative literature. Thematic science, stylistics and comparative poetics play a significant role in the parallel study of comparative literature. Choosing the perspective of thematic comparison in comparative literature to study the two writers is not only because the works studied from this angle are rare. It is also because there are many themes about the trend of human culture and the common destiny of human beings reflected in the works of the two writers. However, after all, the two writers live in different nationalities and different cultural backgrounds, and their interpretations of some common themes (such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power, etc.) in their works are different in common. Several topics, such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power and so on, are selected as the research objects of this paper, not only because of their typicality: these themes run through the works of the two writers from beginning to end, but also because of the internal unity of these themes: anti-modern civilization is the end. Return to nature is a method, sexual force is a specific and important way to return to nature. On the theme of anti-modern civilization, Laurence focuses on anti-industrialization, while Shen Congwen focuses on anti-Han culture and Confucian culture. In view of nature, Laurence believes that human civilization, especially industrial civilization, distorts human nature and results in alienation of human beings. In order to solve this problem, we can only integrate into nature and restore human "bloody consciousness". Shen Congwen believes that nature can not only raise people, but also educate people, nature is the best enlightener. In the view of sexual love, Laurence believes that sex is an important part of life, and sex is the source of life. Laurence regards the harmony of gender relations as a means of achieving self-realization and tries to solve all social problems with sex. Shen Congwen affirmed the free state of sex and believed that the natural and healthy lust is the embodiment of the virtue of human nature. Sexual power is vitality, and sex is endowed with religious sanctity. For him, sex is the existence of human life, the symbol of life consciousness, and the suppression of sexual love is the symbol of the decline of vitality in the process of human civilization. Due to the uniqueness of the culture to which they belong and the differences in the stage of civilization, the two writers have obvious differences in their criticism of civilization, their understanding of the consciousness of natural life and the conception of the "Republic". In his works, Shen Congwen constructs two diametrically opposed worlds of countryside and city, and tries to inject vitality into the old Mai long Zhong nation and realize national reconstruction with the overflowing vitality of the villagers. Laurence has repeatedly stressed the view that flesh and blood are smarter than the mind, hoping that the son of nature, with the vitality of the sun, will awaken the human nature of England, which has been destroyed by mechanical civilization, and restore the harmonious relationship between men and women. Perfect the split "self", so that the nation and mankind to regenerate. Although their criticism of industrial civilization to a certain extent lacks the overall view of historical rationality to a certain extent, and appears to be a little excessive and one-sided, their understanding of life consciousness and their eyes on the future of human beings make their works have modern consciousness. Thus beyond the region, beyond the times, in the exchange with the world aroused resonance.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I106;I0-03
本文编号：2496780
[Abstract]:Laurence and Shen Congwen are two writers who have been controversial, and then their artistic achievements have been affirmed and highly respected. In their respective works, they show the cultural mentality of paying attention to the process of human civilization, express the strong consciousness of life and the sense of ultimate concern of human beings with the scorching sun of life, the pillar of blood to save the nation, and the ultimate concern of human beings. The academic research on Laurence and Shen Congwen has become mature, but there are not many works that put the two writers together from the perspective of comparative literature. Thematic science, stylistics and comparative poetics play a significant role in the parallel study of comparative literature. Choosing the perspective of thematic comparison in comparative literature to study the two writers is not only because the works studied from this angle are rare. It is also because there are many themes about the trend of human culture and the common destiny of human beings reflected in the works of the two writers. However, after all, the two writers live in different nationalities and different cultural backgrounds, and their interpretations of some common themes (such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power, etc.) in their works are different in common. Several topics, such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power and so on, are selected as the research objects of this paper, not only because of their typicality: these themes run through the works of the two writers from beginning to end, but also because of the internal unity of these themes: anti-modern civilization is the end. Return to nature is a method, sexual force is a specific and important way to return to nature. On the theme of anti-modern civilization, Laurence focuses on anti-industrialization, while Shen Congwen focuses on anti-Han culture and Confucian culture. In view of nature, Laurence believes that human civilization, especially industrial civilization, distorts human nature and results in alienation of human beings. In order to solve this problem, we can only integrate into nature and restore human "bloody consciousness". Shen Congwen believes that nature can not only raise people, but also educate people, nature is the best enlightener. In the view of sexual love, Laurence believes that sex is an important part of life, and sex is the source of life. Laurence regards the harmony of gender relations as a means of achieving self-realization and tries to solve all social problems with sex. Shen Congwen affirmed the free state of sex and believed that the natural and healthy lust is the embodiment of the virtue of human nature. Sexual power is vitality, and sex is endowed with religious sanctity. For him, sex is the existence of human life, the symbol of life consciousness, and the suppression of sexual love is the symbol of the decline of vitality in the process of human civilization. Due to the uniqueness of the culture to which they belong and the differences in the stage of civilization, the two writers have obvious differences in their criticism of civilization, their understanding of the consciousness of natural life and the conception of the "Republic". In his works, Shen Congwen constructs two diametrically opposed worlds of countryside and city, and tries to inject vitality into the old Mai long Zhong nation and realize national reconstruction with the overflowing vitality of the villagers. Laurence has repeatedly stressed the view that flesh and blood are smarter than the mind, hoping that the son of nature, with the vitality of the sun, will awaken the human nature of England, which has been destroyed by mechanical civilization, and restore the harmonious relationship between men and women. Perfect the split "self", so that the nation and mankind to regenerate. Although their criticism of industrial civilization to a certain extent lacks the overall view of historical rationality to a certain extent, and appears to be a little excessive and one-sided, their understanding of life consciousness and their eyes on the future of human beings make their works have modern consciousness. Thus beyond the region, beyond the times, in the exchange with the world aroused resonance.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I106;I0-03
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 邹楠;自然的箫声：跨越时空的共鸣[D];江南大学;2012年
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