从二元对立的视角解读《喧哗与骚动》与《红高梁家族》

发布时间：2017-12-31 20:06

本文关键词：从二元对立的视角解读《喧哗与骚动》与《红高梁家族》　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：福克纳的小说《喧哗与骚动》表现出福克纳对其故乡坚持着既眷恋又批评的精神立场。莫言从福克纳这种强烈的乡土观念中重新认知了自己的故乡，并且形成了与福克纳相似的精神走向。莫言的这一精神走向主要体现在其家族小说《红高粱家族》中。两部小说都是以各自的家乡为背景，过去与现在都交织于小说中，而且都表现出作者对其家乡矛盾和复杂感情，这种矛盾和复杂就暗示了小说中存在着大量的二元对立现象。二元对立原则作为结构主义的核心思想，经常被用来分析文学作品的深层含义。结构主义学家认为通过文本中合适的二元对立对并且分析这些对立在文本中是如何互相关联的就可以解码文本，探索到文本的深层含义。基于此，本文拟通过比较分析两个文本在主题和人物方面相似的二元对立来探索两个文本艺术思想的相似性。首先，对形成福克纳和莫言创作思想中二元对立的共同原因进行探索。主要的共同原因有两个，一是故乡对他们的影响，二是他们所处的特殊时代背景。然后通过分析主题方面的二元对立，可以发现两位作者对传统和现代价值观的态度：他们都怀着对过去和传统挚爱的感情，但是福克纳是在传统和现代的对立中告别传统，而莫言则在过去与现在的对立中推崇过去。最后，通过比较人物方面的对立，可以发现两位作者都对人性以及造成人性的社会背景进行了探索。两位作者都对人性的正义面持肯定的态度，但面对人性的弱点，福克纳是彻底抨击而莫言则觉得这是人性的真实存在的一面，应该客观对待。通过二元对立的原则分析文本，可以得知在对故乡的艺术构建中，莫言和福克纳坚持类似的精神立场。这种相似性并非偶然的，而是因为他们有着类似的生活和社会经验。此外，尽管两人精神立场是类似的，但是通过比较可以发现莫言借鉴并吸收了福克纳的艺术思想，在借鉴并吸收的这一过程中莫言融入了属于中国现代化进程中的特殊情境。由此也可以从一个侧面显示，以莫言等为代表的当代作家能够坦然面对世界文学，并能学以致用，这既丰富了中国的当代文学创作，也使中国的当代文学能够迅速地融入世界文学大潮。
[Abstract]:Faulkner's novel the Sound and the Fury shows Faulkner's spiritual position of attachment and criticism to his hometown. Mo Yan reunderstands his hometown from Faulkner's strong local concept. The spirit trend of Mo Yan is mainly embodied in his family novel Red Sorghum Family. The two novels are both based on their hometown, the past and the present are intertwined in the novel, and both show the author's ambivalence and complex feelings towards his hometown. This contradiction and complexity implies the existence of a large number of binary opposites in the novel, the principle of dualism as the core of structuralism. It is often used to analyze the deep meaning of literary works. Structuralists believe that the text can be decoded by analyzing the appropriate binary pairs in the text and how these antagonisms are related to each other in the text. Based on this, this paper attempts to explore the similarities of the two texts' artistic thoughts by comparing and analyzing the dualistic antagonism between the two texts in terms of their themes and characters. First of all, the formation of Faulkner and Mo Yan in the creation of dual opposition to the common cause of exploration. The main common reasons are two, one is the influence of hometown on them. Second, they are in the special background of the times, and then through the analysis of the duality of the theme, we can find the two writers' attitude towards traditional and modern values: they all have feelings of love for the past and tradition. But Faulkner said goodbye to tradition in the opposition between tradition and modernity, while Mo Yan praised the past in the opposition between the past and the present. It can be found that both authors have explored human nature and its social background. Both authors hold positive attitudes towards the just aspect of human nature, but face the weakness of human nature. Faulkner is a thorough attack and Mo Yan thinks that this is the real existence of human nature and should be treated objectively. Through the analysis of the principle of duality, we can know that Mo Yan and Faulkner adhere to a similar spiritual position in the art construction of their hometown. This similarity is not accidental. It is because they have similar life and social experience. In addition, although the two people's spiritual position is similar, it can be found that Mo Yan learned from and absorbed Faulkner's artistic thought through comparison. In the process of drawing lessons from and absorbing Mo Yan is integrated into the special situation in the process of China's modernization. Thus it can also be shown from a side that contemporary writers such as Mo Yan can face the world literature calmly. It not only enriches China's contemporary literary creation, but also enables Chinese contemporary literature to quickly integrate into the tide of world literature.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I106.4-03

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