晚清民族主义的重要观念及其影响

发布时间：2018-01-01 05:25

本文关键词：晚清民族主义的重要观念及其影响　出处：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文旨在考查晚清民族主义中的种族观念、国家有机体观念、进化观念及其影响。中国传统文化中的“夷夏之辨”从先秦到明清之际，逐渐强调种族差别而不是文化差别。梁启超的种族观念强调国家之间，特别是白种人和黄种人的竞争，章太炎认为种族的竞争首先是满族和汉族的竞争，，而且种族差别决定了文化的差别，种族观念催生了黄帝崇拜与“民族英雄”的建构。严复从“群”的概念推得了国家有机体观念，梁启超在哲学上进一步完善了国家有机体观念，并且认为个人应当服从于国家利益，国家有机体观念影响了中国的国家主义和法西斯主义运动。进化观念首先由严复提出，并被赋予“进步”这种价值判断，梁启超和陈独秀又把“科学”作为一种价值判断糅合到进化观念中。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of racial nationalism in the late Qing Dynasty, national organism concept, the concept of evolution and its influence. China in the traditional culture of "Yi Xia distinction" from Qin Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasties, gradually emphasized racial differences rather than cultural differences. Liang Qichao emphasizes the notions of race between countries, especially the white people and yellow people Zhang Taiyan believes that competition, competition is the first race of the Manchu and Han competition, and racial differences determine the cultural differences, notions of race gave birth to the construction of Huang Di worship and "national hero". From his "group" concept had pushed the national organism concept, Liang Qichao in philosophy to further improve the national organism concept, and that person should be subordinated to the interests of the state, the national organism influenced the China nationalism and fascism movement. The concept of evolution by Yan Futi in the first place, and Being given the value judgment of "progress", Liang Qichao and Chen Duxiu blended "science" as a value judgment in the concept of evolution.

【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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