在路上—《神谕女士》中的女性成长

发布时间：2018-01-21 12:24

本文关键词： 玛格丽特·阿特伍德《神谕女士》女性成长小说反乌托邦思想阴性书写　出处：《西北民族大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：玛格丽特·阿特伍德是加拿大著名的诗人、小说家和评论家,在近半个世纪的创作中,以其创作的多产和先锋实验的写作手法在世界文坛上倍受瞩目,被誉为“加拿大文学女王”。作为20世纪加拿大英语文学最具代表性的作家之一,她的写作实践并没有被某一框架所概括,女性、民族、神话、环境、后现代写作均为人们所熟知。本文主要以她的第三部小说《神谕女士》为例,探讨了阿特伍德长篇小说中的女性成长话题。本文主要分为五个部分,第一部分绪论：综述阿特伍德的国内外研究现状,介绍成长小说及女性成长小说的渊源、定义。第二部分：“家”神话坍塌下的女性成长。从女人主公琼与母亲的性别对抗和认同、对父性的渴望与幻想破灭揭示了在强大男权中心主义统治下女性成长的先天疼痛。第三部分：探索小说反映的女性成长的反乌托邦思想。“家”神话的坍塌,阻隔了女性第一温情的体验,琼的一生都与孤独创伤相伴,不符合男权审美的体型使她缺失了亲情、友情、爱情；减肥成功后,不符合男权文化的精神世界又使她充满着不安全感,表面的妥协没有为她换来安稳的生活、幸福的婚姻,现实与理想的冲突使她一生都处于逃离的状态,每一次逃离都是一种充斥着疼痛的成长,镜子是她惟一的朋友,她通过镜子完成自我审视和认知,与死者对话也是她自我成长的主要方式。第四部分：阴性书写。女性在经历巨大的创伤和孤独之后,必然需要一个可靠的宣泄途径,书写便是这种途径之一。琼在小说中便是一位匿名女作家,书写满足了琼抒发感情、感知自我的需要,但同时匿名书写揭示了男权对女性生话语权的剥夺。阿特伍德写小说《神谕女士》创造了主人公琼,琼通过自动书写发表的诗集《神谕女士》创造了一个令人敬畏的女预言者形象,这种书中书的意义与价值所在就是女性突破男权桎梏的成长,虽然疼痛却是必然,她们需要一种自己的眼睛和舌头来完成自我认知。第五部分结语：概括女性成长在主流强势文化下的困境以及自身成长所要付出的代价,这种对女性不健康、不健全的生命形式、生命内容的叩问是为了建立一种新的女性文化一—打破女性失语和被男权文化置于盲点之中的文化,从而实现两性的和谐共生。这是一种走向死亡的新生,只为蓦然回首,看到地狱深处用眼泪和鲜血浇灌的彼岸花开,灿烂依旧。
[Abstract]:Margaret Atwood is a famous Canadian poet, novelist, and critic, and in the past half century of creation, he has attracted much attention in the world for her prolific and pioneering writing techniques. In 20th century, as one of the most representative writers of Canadian English literature, her writing practice has not been generalized by a certain framework, women, nationality, mythology, environment. Post-modern writing is well known. This paper takes her third novel, Lady Oracle, as an example to discuss the topic of female growth in Atwood's novels. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction: the review of Atwood's domestic and foreign research status, the introduction of the origin of the growing up novel and the female growing up novel. Definition. The second part: the female growth under the collapse of the myth of "home". From the female master Joan and mother's gender confrontation and identity. The desire and disillusionment of fatherhood reveal the inherent pain of female growth under the rule of strong patriarchal centralism. The third part explores the anti-utopian thought of female growth reflected in the novel and the collapse of the myth of "home". The first tender experience of women, Joan's life and lonely trauma accompanied, not in line with the male right aesthetic body so that she lacks family, friendship, love; After the success of weight loss, the spiritual world that does not conform to the patriarchal culture makes her full of insecurity, the superficial compromise did not change her to a stable life, a happy marriage. The conflict between reality and ideal makes her escape all her life. Every escape is a kind of growth full of pain. The mirror is her only friend, through which she completes her self-examination and cognition. Talking to the dead is also her main way of growing up. Part 4th: negative writing. A woman who experiences great trauma and loneliness must need a reliable way of catharsis. Writing is one of these ways. Joan is an anonymous female writer in the novel. Writing satisfies Joan's need to express her feelings and perceive herself. But at the same time anonymous writing reveals that male power deprives women of their right to speak. Atwood created the protagonist Joan by writing the novel Lady of the Oracle. Joan created a formidable image of a female prophet by writing and publishing the book of poems "Lady Oracle", the meaning and value of which is the growth of women beyond the shackles of male power. Although pain is inevitable, they need a kind of their own eyes and tongue to complete their self-awareness. 5th: summary of the plight of women growing up in a dominant culture and the costs of their own growth. The question of the unhealthy and imperfect life form and life content is to establish a new female culture-to break the female aphasia and to be put in the blind spot by the patriarchal culture. This is a new life to die, just to look back and see the flowers of the other shore watered with tears and blood in the depths of hell, brilliant as ever.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I711.074

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