论帕乌斯托夫斯基散文的“诗化”特征

发布时间：2018-02-27 18:01

本文关键词： 诗化生命体验童话性乡土情结　出处：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：康斯坦丁?帕乌斯托夫斯基是二十世纪苏联著名文学家，他创作了大量的短篇小说和散文随笔，其作品行文流畅隽永，语言凝练传神。散文中的朦胧意境与温情基调，以及对祖国大自然和对人民的真挚情怀使其蕴含着一种独特的诗意氛围，这种独特的诗意氛围被称之为“散文的诗化”。具体表现是：对大自然的诗化描写和对人物形象的诗意塑造。作者对俄罗斯大自然本真美的描绘和感受，对人性中永恒力量的真诚发掘，对女性心灵美的诗意体察以及对儿童童真美的诗意描绘，使他的散文独具一种诗化的生活情调和梦幻的意境氛围。帕乌斯托夫斯基散文“诗化”特色的形成与作家自身的生命体验、情感倾向和创作理念是分不开的，此外还受俄罗斯文学传统和乡土情结的影响。首先，作家童年的阅读体验、幻想天性和对外界的诗意感悟造就了他对人类美好天性、理想精神家园的无限向往的精神气质；而这种浪漫化、理想化的精神气质又决定了作家诗意地对待生活的创作观念；这种创作观最终构成了他文学作品中的温情基调和抒情诗化风格。其次，作家是用童话般的理想精神来审视现实生活，用童话性的创作理念来构造着他笔下的理想世界的。童话性是其抒情散文的诗意内核，而童话性的理想色彩也从本质上形成了他作品中独特的诗意情调。再次，散文诗化风格的形成，与前代俄罗斯经典作家的影响也是分不开的。从作家所竭力追求的那种对平凡、朴素的大自然的细腻感受，对人物心灵的诗意抒发和礼赞中，我们可以体验到俄罗斯文学传统之魂在其身上的延续与发展。帕乌斯托夫斯基的创作在20世纪苏联文学枯燥教条的历史语境中维持了某种平衡，自然和人性不再是陪衬、点缀或是被征服被改造的对象，而是一个独立的主题。从容舒缓的节奏和亲切温存的语调，，对自然和人生的深切体悟和沉思、诗意的描摹和感受，形成了独特的“帕乌斯托夫斯基风格”，这种风格也影响了同时代及其后的许多俄罗斯作家。
[Abstract]:Constantine? In 20th century, Pau Stovsky was a famous Soviet writer. He wrote a large number of short stories and prose essays. And the sincerity of the nature of the motherland and the people makes it a unique poetic atmosphere, This unique poetic atmosphere is called "poetic prose". The concrete manifestation is the poetic description of nature and the poetic portrayal of characters. The sincere exploration of the eternal power in human nature, the poetic experience of the female spiritual beauty and the poetic description of the child's innocence make his prose have a poetic atmosphere of life and fantasy. The formation of "poetic" features of Pau Stovsky's prose is inseparable from the writer's own life experience, emotional tendencies and creative ideas, and is also influenced by the Russian literary tradition and the local complex. The writer's childhood reading experience, fantasy nature and poetic perception of the outside world have created his boundless yearning for human nature and ideal spiritual homeland; and this romanticization, The idealized spiritual temperament determines the writer's poetic view of life, which ultimately constitutes the tenderness and lyrical style of his literary works. The writer examines the real life with the ideal spirit of fairy tale, and constructs the ideal world in his writing with the creation idea of fairy tale, which is the poetic core of his lyric prose. The ideal color of fairy tale also formed the unique poetic sentiment in his works in essence. Thirdly, the formation of prose poetic style was inseparable from the influence of the former Russian classical writers. We can experience the continuation and development of the traditional soul of Russian literature in the exquisite feeling of simple nature and in the poetic expression and praise of the soul of the characters. Pau Stovsky's creation maintained a balance in the historical context of Soviet literature in 20th century, in which nature and human nature were no longer the foil, ornament or subjugated object. It is an independent theme. The rhythm of ease and tenderness, the deep understanding and contemplation of nature and life, the description and feeling of poetry, A unique Pau-Stovsky style was formed, which influenced many contemporary and subsequent Russian writers.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I512.076

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