从文学文体学角度对比分析《毒瘾难戒》与《空余的房间》

发布时间：2018-02-28 05:12

本文关键词： 海伦·加纳文学文体学《毒瘾难戒》《空余的房间》　出处：《西华大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海伦·加纳（Helen Garner，1942-）是当代澳大利亚文学史上一位具有独特个性、独特名声和独特意义的作家。她的第一部小说《毒瘾难戒》(Monkey Grip,1977)的出版标志着当代澳大利亚女性写作的转折，宣告了一种新型的女性主义写作的到来，她本人也因此被称为“澳大利亚文学女性主义的偶像”（Goldsworthy,1996:96），成为当代澳大利亚虽有争议但是最受欢迎的作家之一。《空余的房间》（The Spare Room,2008）是加纳在1992年出版《小天地中的大世界》（Cosmo Cosmolino）之后，阔别十五、六年才再出版的最新一部小说。作者本人在经过二、三十年生活的洗礼和人生的历练之后，在该小说中一改其最初的女性主义写作的笔锋和笔调，小说主题与之前作品的主题相比也大相径庭。它的出版让加纳重新以一名小说家的身份回到大众的视野当中，并且将她再次推上了小说家的领奖台。本研究采用现代文体学的相关理论，从文学文体学角度对加纳不同时期的两篇小说进行语言描写、失衡突出和失谐突出、人物话语表达形式等方面进行比较，分析小说中具有代表性主题意义和美学价值的语言特征。语言描写特征方面包括语相层、词汇层、语法层和修辞层的实例和剖析，从两部小说中分别选取与主题意义或写作特色相关的语言片段进行分析，透过局部观察来推测整体。通过实例分析发现，两部小说在总体上可谓如出一辙。首先，它们都以第一人称叙述的方式展开叙述，都采用日记体的形式组织故事情节。其次，在语言描写方面，两部小说都采用简洁易懂的日常语言进行叙述，，用词生动，并不时采取隐喻、排比、重复等修辞手法，加强人物形象的塑造和主题意义的展现。此外，两部小说都使用了一些语相方面直观的表现形式来强调作者所要重点表达的内容，达到了醒目的目的。在对两部小说前景化语言的分析中可以看出，加纳两部小说中都适当运用了数量前景化(失衡突出)和质量前景化（失谐突出）的模式进行叙述。《毒瘾难戒》中对于贾沃眼睛、吸毒和性爱场景的描述频繁出现；《空余的房间》中，关于尼古拉流汗、颤抖及海伦多次为尼古拉换洗床上用品的描述也大量出现，形成了典型的失衡突出。两部小说中的典型几处失谐突出——长句的使用，也突出地达到了具体情节所要达到的效果。所有这些前景化的地方对小说的主题和想在读者身上产生的效果都具有显著的作用，并一定程度上显示了作品的美学价值，这样的叙述方式应该构成了加纳写作的文体特征。在对于小说中人物话语表达方式的剖析中发现作者在安排各种叙述方式的时候相应地考虑了这些特定的安排对于小说具有美学效果，更能够生动形象地表达该话语的主题意义或人物的性格特征。直接引语通过人物的特定话语体现了其直接性和生动性，自由直接引语自由地展现了人物话语的内涵、风格和语气，产生一定的音响效果，言语行为的叙述体对一些情节进行高度提炼，自由间接引语则在某些环境下达到了一定的讽刺效果，增加了叙述的语义密度。对两部小说的相同点和不同点的总结和分析，明确了加纳用第一人称进行这两部小说创作的原因。此外，加纳写作思想从第一部小说中激进女性主义的体现到后来她女性主义立场的本位回归，再到《空余的房间》中体现出的更加平和的女性主义，对两部小说异同点产生了极大的影响。论文最后一部分内容将文学文体学批评与传统文学批评结合在一起，丰富了本研究的内容，也充分展示了加纳的写作的思想对于其小说产生的不同作用。
[Abstract]:Helen Jana (Helen Garner 1942-) is a contemporary Australian literary history has a unique personality, unique reputation and unique sense of the writer. Her first novel < > addiction hard to quit (Monkey Grip, 1977) marks a turning point in contemporary Australian feminist writing, announced a new feminist writing coming I, she has also been known as the "female literature" Australian Idol "(Goldsworthy, 1996:96), a contemporary Australian is controversial but one of the most popular writers. Spare room > (The Spare Room, 2008) is Garner in 1992 published in the small world of the world" (Cosmo Cosmolino) later, after fifteen, six years before the publication of the latest novel. The author after two, after the baptism of life and the life of thirty years of experience in the novel changed its original feminist writing Style and style, the theme of the novel and the theme of the work will be quite different than before. It is published as a novelist Garner again returned to the public view, and she again pushed the novelist's podium.
This study uses relevant theories of modern stylistics, language description of the two novels of Garner in different periods from the perspective of literary stylistics, highlighting the imbalance and the detuning is outstanding, compared to form expression of the characters' words, with the linguistic features of representative theme and aesthetic value of the novel.
The description of language features including the language layer, lexical level, grammatical level and rhetoric level examples and analysis from the two novels were selected language fragments associated with the theme or writing characteristics were analyzed through partial observation to speculate whole. Through the example analysis found that two novel is in general at first is exactly the same. And they are told in the first person narrative way, use the form of diary plot organization. Secondly, in the description of language, the two novels are the daily language concise narrative of vivid words, not take metaphor, parallelism, repetition of rhetoric, strengthen the characters show and the significance of the theme. In addition, two novels have used some form of language is intuitive aspects to emphasize the author want to focus on the content of expression, to achieve the eye-catching.
In the analysis of two novels foregrounding can be seen in Garner's two novels are the proper use of the number of foreground (imbalance prominent) and quality of foregrounding (detuning prominent) mode of narration. Addiction hard to quit "for Javo eyes, description of the drug and sex scenes appear frequently;" spare room ", about Nicola and Helen sweating, trembling as Nicola repeatedly wash bedding also appeared in large numbers, forming a typical imbalance prominent. In the two novels typical of several prominent detuning -- the use of long sentences, but also to the specific circumstances to achieve the effect of prominent area. There are significant all of these foregrounded parts of the theme of the novel and to produce in the reader body effect, and to a certain extent, shows the aesthetic value of works, this narrative should constitute Garner's writing style. Sign.
The characters in the novel discourse expression author in arrangements for a variety of narrative style when to consider these specific arrangements for the novel way of finding the aesthetic effect of the analysis, can vividly express the character discourse theme or characters. The direct speech reflects the direct andvivid through specific discourse the characters, free direct speech to show the meaning of characters' speech, style and tone, have a certain sound effect, narrative speech acts are highly refined in some circumstances, free indirect speech in certain environment to achieve a certain irony effect, increase the semantic density of narration.
The same point of the two novels and the different points of the summary and analysis of the definition of Garner in the first person by reason of these two novels. In addition, Garner thought she was writing a feminist standpoint to return from the first reflecting the radical feminist novel doctrine, to reflect the "spare room" in a more peaceful and feminist, has a great influence on the differences and similarities between the two novels. The last part of the content of literary stylistics criticism and traditional literary criticism together, enrich the contents of the research, but also fully demonstrated the different role of Garner's writing thoughts in the novels.

【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I611.074

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