从生态批评视角解读《管家》

发布时间：2018-03-03 03:02

本文选题：玛丽莲·罗宾逊　切入点：《管家》　出处：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：玛丽莲·罗宾逊被誉为美国当代文坛史上最重要、最杰出的女性作家之一。她的作品内容涉及基督徒的宗教信仰，精神关怀，家庭意识以及对环境问题的关注。罗宾逊对美国西部和原始荒野的自然风景进行了大量的描写，表达了她对自然的热爱之情，体现了她独具特色的生态思想。作为一种新的文学批评方法，生态批评从文学评论的角度出发，通过对文化和人类文明的分析，来研究文学、文化和环境之间的关系，同时也为解读罗宾逊的《管家》提供了独特的视角。十九世纪富有革新精神的自然作家拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生和亨利·大卫·梭罗,是现代生态哲学的两位先驱,他们是罗宾逊最喜爱的作家，同时对她的创作产生了很大影响。后现代社会中，阿恩·奈斯的深生态学作为生态批评的哲学基础,为其奠定了形而上的基调。作为罗宾逊的第一部小说，《管家》将美丽壮观的大自然同人类精神世界联系在一起，认为自然与人类拥有同样重要的平等地位。通过对作品中描写的自然生态和精神生态元素的探索，体现了罗宾逊对生态伦理的认知。这部作品描写了人与自然的和谐关系,体现了大自然对人类精神的满足与医治作用。倡导人们要诗意地栖居在地球上，追求简单的物质生活。除了引言和结论部分，本论文共分为四大章节。引言部分主要对作者玛丽莲·罗宾逊及其作品《管家》进行简介，并总结概括了至今为止国内外学者对该作品的研究状况。第一章介绍了生态批评理论，并阐述了该理论的生态哲学基础，如拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默生和亨利·大卫·梭罗的生态中心思想以及现代激进生态思想深生态等生态哲学思想。第二章通过对小说中指骨镇上的自然环境以及居民生活状态的描写，探索了作品所展现的万物皆平等的思想，描述了作品中所展现出人与自然和谐相处的画面。第三章通过探索大自然对姨妈塞尔维、露丝以及外祖母西尔维娅的精神慰藉，讨论了大自然对人类精神上的满足和医治作用。第四章提出了解决生态危机的方法，倡导人类诗意地栖居，呼吁人们追求简单的物质生活。结论部分对该论文进行了总结升华。面对日益严重的生态危机，，生态批评以反现代人类中心主义为第一要义，致力于人与自然和谐共生关系的实现。该论文从生态批评视角对玛丽莲·罗宾逊的《管家》进行解析，目的在于呼吁人们回归自然，尊敬自然,希望人类能树立正确的自然观。
[Abstract]:Marilyn Robinson is regarded as one of the most important and outstanding female writers in contemporary American literary history. Robinson describes the natural scenery of the western United States and the primitive wilderness, expresses her love of nature, and embodies her unique ecological thought. As a new method of literary criticism, ecological criticism studies the relationship between literature, culture and environment through the analysis of culture and human civilization from the perspective of literary criticism. In 19th century Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau were two pioneers of modern ecological philosophy. They were Robinson's favorite writers, and they had a big impact on her creation. In post-modern society, Arne Ness's deep ecology, as the philosophical basis of ecological criticism, set the metaphysical tone for it. The Butler, Robinson's first novel, links beautiful and spectacular nature to the human spiritual world. It is believed that nature and human beings have equal equal status. By exploring the natural and spiritual ecological elements described in the works, Robinson's cognition of ecological ethics is embodied. This work describes the harmonious relationship between man and nature. It embodies the satisfaction and healing function of nature to the human spirit, and advocates that people should inhabit the earth poetically and pursue simple material life. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four chapters. The introduction mainly introduces the author Marilyn Robinson and his work the housekeeper, and summarizes the research status of this work by domestic and foreign scholars up to now. The first chapter introduces the theory of ecological criticism, and expounds the basis of ecological philosophy of the theory. Ecological philosophies such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau's ecological central ideas and modern radical ecological ideas such as deep ecology. In the second chapter, by describing the natural environment and the living conditions of the people in phalanx town, the author explores the thought that all things are equal, and describes the picture of harmony between man and nature. Chapter three explores the spiritual comfort of nature to aunt Selvey, Ruth and Grandma Sylvia, and discusses the spiritual satisfaction and healing of nature to human beings. Chapter 4th puts forward the methods to solve the ecological crisis, advocates human beings to live poetically, and appeals to people to pursue simple material life. In conclusion, the thesis is summarized and sublimated. In the face of the increasingly serious ecological crisis, anti-modern anthropocentrism is the most important point of ecological criticism. This paper is devoted to the realization of a harmonious symbiotic relationship between man and nature. This paper analyzes Marilyn Robinson's housekeeper from the perspective of ecological criticism. The purpose of this paper is to appeal to people to return to nature, to respect nature, and to hope that human beings can establish a correct view of nature.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I712.074

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