究析《纠正》中奇普“弑父情结”的发展轨迹

发布时间：2018-03-04 21:17

本文选题：乔纳森·弗兰岑　切入点：《纠正》　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在后现代主义弥漫的美国文坛，乔纳森·弗兰岑摇着现实主义的大旗、携着皇皇巨作为当今美国文坛添上了浓墨重彩的一笔，几部长篇小说对当代美国政治、生活、家庭、人性等方面的剖析力透纸背，文笔犀利又不失幽默,人物刻画似信手漫画却又入木三分。2010年，凭着长篇小说《纠正》，弗兰岑登上了已阔别作家类风云人物十年的《时代》杂志封面，跻身于塞林格、纳博科夫、莫里森、乔伊斯和厄普代克等著名作家的行列，成为引人注目的文坛明星。小说《纠正》以现实主义手法，通过对兰伯特家庭逐渐走向分崩离析的描绘，影射了当代社会的弊病。弗兰岑细致入微地刻画了兰伯特家的孩子们在成长过程中是如何分别对父母做出纠正、各种纠正的尝试如何落败、以及这一家庭如何走向瓦解。作者于嬉笑谩骂间不时流露出对兰伯特们的深切同情。除去引子和尾声，小说主体由五个部分组成，分别讲述了小儿子奇普、大儿子盖瑞、父母阿尔弗雷德和伊妮德、小女儿德尼丝如何处理自身面临的危机和彼此间的矛盾，以及每个个体又是如何走向失衡。五个部分互相独立，情节看似凌乱实则紧密交织、遥相呼应。小说包罗万象，既反映具象可见的生活现实，又揭露抽象丰富的人物关系。弗兰岑以其巧妙的排篇布局和对生活的敏锐观察，，为国内外评论家提供了一处丰富的文学矿藏。然而，在美国文坛如日中天的弗兰岑以及蜚声文坛的《纠正》目前在我国却鲜有人问津，国外评论家也多做宏观把握，对小说的主题方面进行解读，至今无人关注小说人物细腻的内心世界、探究人物关系表层下掩埋的深度心理根源。本文另辟蹊径，考察《纠正》中的父子关系，围绕心理学中的“弑父情结”着墨解析主人公奇普对父亲阿尔弗雷德的爱恨纠葛，旨在拓展小说的多维阐释空间，为进一步推敲《纠正》所包罗的世态万象提供新的研究视角。弗洛伊德心理分析将触角深入人的意识内层，抽象出人人生来皆有的“俄狄浦斯情结”。“弑父情结”作为其内涵之一，也植根于每个人的内心。随着各种文学作品对弑父情结的多重演绎，“父”的概念被凝炼出新的文化内涵：“子”对“父”敌意的滥觞不再局限于“子”对“母”的性幻想，而是源自“父”对“子”欲望的压抑、约束和管制；“父”对“子”享有话语权，且拥有代表身份、地位和权力的抽象父权，“子”所弑的是这一令其不快的事实，而非实体之父；“子”弑父本质上是对压迫和束缚的反抗、对话语权的争夺，并非对父权的否定。“子”弑父意在问鼎父权，剑指权威实因企图权威。一旦“子”顺利得到父权的权杖，“弑父情结”也即随之消隐。在《纠正》一书中，小说的男主人公之一奇普天性叛逆，弑父冲动轮廓清晰，“弑父情结”的发展轨迹层次分明。论文主体部分便就奇普的“弑父情结”展开条分缕析：着眼于父亲阿尔弗雷德汹涌的家长制作风、执拗的保守主义和泛滥着禁欲执念的悲观主义，以此来论述奇普“弑父情结”的催生因素；着眼于奇普对反叛的追逐、对感官之乐的沉湎和对道德义务的漠然，以此来论述奇普“弑父情结”的大胆表现和对父亲的纠正；着眼于奇普在父亲重病之际对父爱的觉醒、对孝道的虔诚、对家乡之美与家庭义务的深度认识，以此来论述奇普“弑父情结”的消隐。论文最后依据弑父的本质得出结论：阿尔弗雷德的衰糜必然会带给奇普自足的话语空间，使奇普掌控话语权,奇普因而跃身成为权威，其“弑父情结”的消隐是必然的，其对父亲的狂烈纠正是无用的。
[Abstract]:American literature filled in postmodernism, Jonathan Franzen shook his realism with a giant banner, as in the contemporary American literature adds thick and heavy in colours a pen, a few novels of contemporary American politics, life, family, nature and other aspects of the analysis of force through the back paper, writing style and humorous characters. Like Xinshou comic but penetrating.2010, with novel < > correct, Fran Cen boarded the writer have disappeared from time magazine cover influential man < ten years, among Salinger, Nabokov, Morrison, Joyce and Updike and other famous writers, a compelling literary star.
The novel < > to correct the realism, through the depiction of the Lambert family going to fall apart, alluding to the ills of contemporary society. Fran Cen nuanced portrait of Lambert's children in the process of growing up is how to make correct parents respectively, try to correct various how to defeat, and the family how to break up. The author in laughter between abuse often reveal deep sympathy for Lambert. Apart from the introduction and epilogue, the novel consists of five main parts, which tells the story of the little son chip, the eldest son of Gary, Alfred and Enid parents, daughter Denise how to deal with their own crisis and conflict between each other, and each individual is how to balance. Five parts are independent of each other, the plot seemingly chaotic reality closely intertwined, echoed. Novels not only reflect the most visible cover and contain everything, like the The reality of life also reveals the abstract and rich characters. Fran Cen Cen has provided a rich literary collection for critics both at home and abroad with his ingenious layout and sharp observation of life.
However, in the American literary world very influential Fran and Cen famous < > corrected at present in our country, but few people interested, foreign critics also did the macro understanding on the interpretation of the theme of the novel, so far no attention to the inner world of fine characters, research depth psychological causes of people buried under the surface layer. Another way to investigate < > in the correct relationship between father and son, surrounding the psychology of "patricide complex" written analysis of the protagonist to father Alfred. Love hate, to explore the novel multi-dimensional interpretation space, to provide new research perspective for further study including the world > < correct Vientiane.
Freud psychological analysis to reach deep human consciousness inner abstract man is the "Oedipus complex". The "patricide complex" as one of its connotations, but also rooted in everyone's heart. With the various literary works of multiple interpretations of the patricide complex, "father" of the concept of a new culture was condensed meaning: "son" of "father" hostile origin is no longer confined to the "child" of the "mother" of sexual fantasies, but from the "father" of the "" the desire, restraint and control; "father" to enjoy the right to speak of "Zi", and has a representative, patriarchal status and abstract the power of the "sub" murder is the unpleasant facts, rather than real father; "" patricide is essentially of oppression and bondage of the revolt, the struggle for discourse right, not to the patriarchal denial. "Zi" is intended to prove the right of patriarchy patricide aspirations. Well-spring due to authority. Once the "child" successfully patriarchal Scepter "patricide complex" is also hidden.
In "correct" a book, the hero of the novel odd Putian treason, patricide impulse clear outline, development level of Patricide complex "clearly. The main part of the thesis will commence on Tiaofenlvxi chip's" patricide complex ": focus on father Alfred surging paternalism, stubborn conservatism and flooding they read the ascetic pessimism, the birth of factors to discuss." patricide complex "; focus on the chip of the rebel of the chase, and indulge in sensual pleasures of moral obligation indifferently, in order to discuss." his father complex "bold performance and father corrected; focus on the chip in the father on the occasion of his ill awakening, filial piety, for the beauty of my hometown and family obligations to deep understanding, this chip" patricide complex "hidden. Finally, according to the nature of Patricide Conclusion: the decline of MI Alfred will inevitably bring chip self-sufficient discourse space, so that the chip chip control the right to speak, so jumped to be the authority of the "patricide complex" hidden is inevitable, it is useless to correct the angry father.

【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】