论哈代小说的死亡意识

发布时间：2018-03-14 02:41

本文选题：哈代小说　切入点：死亡　出处：《山东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：托马斯·哈代是世界文学史上的重要作家之一，他善于从普通人的情感脉动中挖掘丰富的人性，透过生活表层的帷幔揭露人生苦难、呈示人的幻灭理想和未能圆满的愿望。其小说作品对死亡的书写反映了他深刻复杂的死亡意识。哈代的死亡意识表现了他对生命、人生、社会的深沉思索，展现了其力图探求生活真相的精神、对普通人悲剧命运的人道同情和对人类命运的人文关怀。研究哈代的死亡意识是一条深入理解其作品内涵的有效路径。本文选取哈代最具代表性的长篇小说作研究对象，采用文本细读方法，结合作家生平及相关文学理论，深入分析哈代小说的死亡意识。引言部分，综述国内外哈代研究的主要特点，说明本文选题的学术意义和现实意义。第一章，主要从哈代生活的时代背景、人生经历和死亡体验方面探源其死亡意识。第二章，力图通过分析哈代小说中的死亡形象和语言描写挖掘其小说的死亡意识，，细致分析小说中的死亡人物典型、死亡意象和死亡意境，以及书写死亡的语言特点等。游苔莎之死反映了作家把死亡作为人生欲望和不幸终结的途径；亨察德之死则显示其死亡意识的进化论色彩；苔丝为爱而死隐喻人生完满只有死亡；裘德之死蕴含“字句叫人死”的主题。哈代小说中的死亡意象呈现出死亡强大、冷酷、不可掌控以及带有浓重宿命色彩的特点；其凄凉孤寂或庄严肃穆的死亡意境流露出作者对遭遇不幸的普通人真挚的人道同情和对造成不幸的社会的质问与思考。哈代死亡书写的语言表现了死亡的庄严、肃穆、沉静、神秘之美。第三章，从思想和艺术两方面解析哈代小说死亡意识的审美意义。思想方面，着重考量哈代的死亡意识所蕴含的批判精神，它表现了对资本主义制度的思索、对摧残人的社会传统风习、观念、制度的鞭挞；艺术方面，则主要考察哈代小说死亡意识对其作品悲剧效果的作用。结语部分，总结全文。作为“诚挚派”作家的哈代，以悲悯之情深切注视着威塞克斯乡土上遭遇不幸的人们，将宇宙中神秘而强大的敌对力量呈现出来，将遭到资本主义经济双刃剑重创的宗法制乡村的悲凉图景显现出来；由此可清晰地观照他对人类前途和命运的深切忧思。
[Abstract]:Thomas Hardy is one of the most important writers in the history of world literature. He is good at digging out the rich human nature from the emotional pulsation of ordinary people and exposing human suffering through the superficial hangings of life. His fictional writing of death reflects his profound and complicated consciousness of death. Hardy's consciousness of death shows his deep thinking about life, life and society. The study of Hardy's consciousness of death is an effective way to deeply understand the connotation of his works. This article selects Hardy's most representative novel as the research object, uses the text careful reading method, unifies the writer's life and the related literature theory, deeply analyzes Hardy's novel's death consciousness. The preface summarizes the main characteristics of Hardy's research at home and abroad, and explains the academic and practical significance of this topic. The first chapter explores Hardy's death consciousness from the background of his life, his life experience and his death experience. The second chapter tries to dig out the death consciousness of Hardy's novel by analyzing the death image and language description in his novels, and analyzes the typical death characters, the death image and the death artistic conception in the novel. The death of Yu Tessa reflects the writer's view of death as the way to the end of life's desire and misfortune, while Henchard's death shows the evolutional color of his consciousness of death. Tess's death for love implies that life is perfect only death; Jude's death contains the theme of "words make people die". The image of death in Hardy's novels shows the characteristics of death strong, cold, uncontrollable and full of fatalism. His desolate or solemn conception of death reveals the author's sincere humane sympathy for the ordinary people who have suffered misfortune and his questioning and thinking about the society that caused the misfortune. The language of Hardy's death shows the solemn, solemn and quiet nature of death. Mysterious beauty. The third chapter analyzes the aesthetic significance of Hardy's consciousness of death from two aspects of thought and art. In the aspect of thought, the author emphasizes on the critical spirit contained in Hardy's consciousness of death, which shows the reflection on the capitalist system. In the aspect of art, the author mainly investigates the effect of death consciousness of Hardy's novels on the tragic effect of his works. In conclusion, Hardy, as a writer of the "sincere School", watched with compassion the unfortunate people in the country of Wessex and presented the mysterious and powerful hostile forces in the universe. The sorrowful picture of the patriarchal village, which has been hit hard by the double-edged sword of capitalist economy, can clearly reflect his deep worries about the future and destiny of mankind.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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