从模糊语言分析《傲慢与偏见》中的人物形象

发布时间：2018-03-27 13:32

本文选题：模糊语言　切入点：联想语义　出处：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：模糊性是自然语言的重要特征。在人们的日常交流和文学作品中模糊语言都有广泛的使用。其概念一经提出,便吸引了学者们的注意,在很长一段时间内它都是语言学研究的焦点。早期研究大都局限于对于这种现象的起源,定义,分类等的探讨。随着整个理论体系的发展,逐渐有越来越多的学者将模糊语言学的理论与语言研究的其他领域如翻译,教学,词典编纂,和人工智能等相联系。模糊语言理论在分析其他语言学领域问题时的重要性正在凸显。然而,相关研究还远远不够。虽然之前的探讨为进一步的研究打下了坚实的基础,作者却发现,学者们的大部分见解仍然侧重于理论层面的分析。一些学者确实注意到了模糊语言的实际价值。但是他们的研究对象往往是语用而忽略了语义的应用价值。在联系文学作品时,又大都集中于翻译技巧的推敲,比如如何将模糊性的美感从一种语言传递到另一种语言中去。所以本文将结合文学作品《傲慢与偏见》从新的视角来较为全面得研究模糊语言的实际价值。文学是语言的艺术。文学作品的语言表达往往含义丰富,风格鲜明。简奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》便是其中的杰出代表。小说展现了英国18世纪中产阶级平常生活的画卷,它的主题是爱情和婚姻。受到主题的局限,小说情节发展主要依靠对话来展开。大量的人物对话不仅有力地推动了情节的发展,更塑造了生动逼真的人物形象。其幽默讽刺的语言风格使小说诙谐有趣引人入胜。在这其中,模糊语言的巧妙运用发挥了重要的作用。本文在语言学理论的指导下,致力于将模糊语言运用与文学作品的赏析相结合来讨论模糊语言的实际使用价值。文章选取了简奥斯汀在描述小说中几个主要人物时的用词和对话,试图从语义模糊和语用模糊这两个角度同时来分析例子中涉及到的模糊表达,包括单词,短语和句子等和人物性格的关系,以此来解释模糊语言是如何被用来刻画人物形象以及读者可以如何利用模糊表达的不确定性和言外之意来看清人物内心活动,更加了解人物性格特征。通过举例说明,作者使用了定性的方法完成了研究假设,在相关语言学理论的指导下,证明模糊语言学的理论是可以运用于文学研究的,并且对于模糊语言的深刻理解将有利于我们对于文学作品做出更加全面科学的解读。在分析语义模糊时,本文借用了利奇对于联想语义的五种划分方法来弄清模糊语言以怎样的方式影响了表达。联想语义包括内涵意义,情感意义,反映意义,社会意义和搭配意义。联想意义的存在反映了词汇在不同的语境中,拥有不同的意义,从而产生了词义的不确定性,也就是模糊性。这里所说的语境既包括宏观的时代背景也包括具体事件。从小说中适用的语义可以看出模糊语言对人物个性的表现。在语用模糊分析中,作者在一系列语用原则的指导下,发现由于打破了合作原则,人物对话产生了特殊的会话含义。而对于特殊会话含义的不同理解正是语用模糊的产生原因和表现形式。再结合面子理论,会话含义得以正确的解释,说话者的真实动机也被给予了详细的分析。作者用模糊语言揭示了人物的真实意图,并以此总结出他们的性格特征。本文创造性地将模糊语言学理论应用到赏析文学作品的过程中。不仅用动态的视角看待语用模糊,而且将语义也视为一个灵活变化的范畴,对语境变化产生的不同语义进行了详细分析。作者充分认识到语境变迁是模糊性产生的重要因素。语言的模糊则反映了人物的微妙的心理状态。模糊语言能够超越意义确切的词汇或者语句,更好地传递出话语的言外之意。这是本文中所体现的模糊语言的实际应用价值。全文共分五个部分。文章首先简要介绍了本研究的背景,意义和行文结构。然后在第二章回顾了国内外模糊语言学的研究现状。文献综述包括两方面的内容：国内外语义模糊的研究以及国内外语用模糊的研究。作者根据研究内容做了一定的归纳和总结。三四两章都是文章中重要的部分。在这两章中,作者表达了对于模糊语言所起作用的看法并举例证明了自己的观点。最后一章为结论部分,作者总结全文指出论文的不足并提出相应的建议。本文一方面验证了利用模糊语言分析小说中人物性格的可行性和有效性,另一方面也为今后的模糊语言研究提供了新的可能的发展方向。将模糊语言和其他领域的研究相结合,把焦点从对其理论价值的考虑转移到对其实用价值的分析中去,始终以变化发展的眼光结合具体的上下文来考虑模糊语言的使用,这会使得我们对于模糊语言和相关的领域的研究都会更加深刻合理。作者希望本文的结论可以对今后语言学或者其他领域的研究有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Fuzziness is an important characteristic of natural language. Vague language in people's daily communication and literary works have been widely used. The concept was put forward, it attracted the attention of scholars, in a very long period of time it is the focus of linguistic research. The origin, early studies are mostly confined to the the phenomenon of definition, classification discussion and so on. With the development of the whole theoretical system, gradually more and more scholars in other fields of fuzzy linguistics theory and language research such as translation, teaching, lexicography, and artificial intelligence are related. The importance of fuzzy language theory in the analysis of other linguistic fields is prominent. However, whathasbeendoneisfarfromenough.
The solid foundation of the study although prior for further research, the author found that most scholars still view analysis focused on the theoretical level. Some scholars did notice the practical value of fuzzy language. But their research objects are often pragmatic and ignore the application semantics. In literary works when it is mostly concentrated in the scrutiny of translation skills, such as how to fuzzy beauty transfer from one language to another language. So this paper will combine the actual value of literary works "Pride and Prejudice" from a new perspective to the study of vague language is more comprehensive.
Literature is the art of language. The language of literary works often express rich meaning and distinctive style. Jane Austen's novel "Pride and Prejudice" is one of the outstanding representatives. The novel shows the eighteenth Century British middle-class ordinary life picture, it is the theme of love and marriage. Restrictedbysuchtopic, plot development mainly rely on dialogues. A dialogue is not only a powerful impetus to the development of the plot, shaping more vivid characters. The humorous language style of the novel humorous fascinating. In this one, the clever use of fuzzy language has played an important role.
In this paper, under the guidance of the theory of linguistics, is committed to the appreciation of the use of vague language and literary works combined to discuss the practical value of fuzzy language. The paper selected in the description of the main characters in the novel when the words and dialogue Jan Austin, trying to blur the two from the perspective of semantic fuzziness and pragmatic analysis also includes words fuzzy involves the expression of examples, relationship between phrases and sentences and character, in order to explain how vague language was used to describe the characters and the reader can how to use fuzzy expression of uncertainty and Implication to see characters'inner activities, know more about the character.
Through some examples, the author uses the qualitative method to complete the research hypothesis, the related linguistic theory, proves the theory of fuzzy linguistics can be applied to the study of literature, and for the deep understanding of vague language will help us make a more comprehensive and scientific interpretation for literary works.
In the analysis of semantic fuzziness, the thesis adopts leech five approaches for Lenovo to find semantic division of fuzzy language how to affect the expression. The associative meaning includes connotative meaning, affective meaning, reflect the meaning, social meaning and collocation meaning. The existence of associative meaning reflects the vocabulary in different contexts have different meaning, resulting in the meaning of uncertainty is fuzzy. The contexts mentioned here include the macro background of the times as well as specific events. For semantic from the novel can be seen on the character of fuzzy language performance. In the analysis of pragmatic vagueness, the author guide in a series of pragmatic principles, found because of breaking the cooperative principle, conversational implicature occurs. Different understandings of conversational implicature is the cause and form of pragmatic vagueness. Combined with face theory, conversational implicature can be correctly interpreted, and the speaker's real motivation is also given a detailed analysis. The author reveals the real intentions of the characters in vague language and sums up their personality characteristics.
This paper creatively applies the theory of fuzzy language to the appreciation of literary works. Not only with the dynamic perspective of pragmatic vagueness, and semantics as a flexible category, different semantic context was studied in detail. The authors are fully aware of the context change is an important factor of the fuzzy. The fuzzy language shows the characters'dedicate psychological state. The exact meaning of vague language can go beyond words or sentences, to better convey discourse implication. This is reflected in the fuzzy language in practical application.
This paper is divided into five parts. This paper first introduces the research background, significance and structure of this paper. Then in the second chapter reviews the research status of fuzzy linguistics. Literature review includes two aspects: the domestic and foreign studies on Semantic Fuzziness and domestic research on fuzzy language. According to the research contents do some induction and the summary. The 342 chapter is the important part of the article. In the two chapter, the author expresses the fuzzy language role view and illustrates that their point of view. The last chapter is the conclusion part, the author summarizes the problems and puts forward corresponding suggestions.
On the one hand to verify the feasibility of using fuzzy language to analyze the characters in the novel and effective, but also provides a new possible development direction for the study of fuzzy language in the future. The study of fuzzy language and other areas of the combination of focus from the theoretical value of the consideration transferred to the analysis of the practical value to change the vision of development has always been to a specific context to consider the use of fuzzy language, which will allow us to study the fuzzy language and related fields will be more reasonable and profound. The author hopes that the conclusion of this paper can be beneficial to the research in linguistics or other fields.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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