论《榆树下的欲望》中的“黑色欲望”

发布时间：2018-04-04 00:18

本文选题：《榆树下的欲望》　切入点：婴儿　出处：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：尤金·奥尼尔是享誉国际的美国戏剧家,被赞誉为“美国的莎士比亚”。《榆树下的欲望》一直被视作奥尼尔戏剧中的经典之作,学者们对其的研究也抱有很大的热忱。但是形象往往大于思维,研究作品本身所展示的内容比研究作家所要表达的主观愿望更重要。论文选取他的剧作《榆树下的欲望》中的“黑色欲望”和“婴儿”作为主要研究对象,分析探讨隐藏其中的内涵和象征寓意,以及对人性救赎的思考。论文集中探讨《榆》作品中的“黑色欲望”,特点是不从宏观上把握,而是从戏剧文本本身出发,从细节入手分析这部戏剧。笔者在阅读的过程中发现剧情均以“婴儿”作为潜在的线索,串联起“物欲求子”、“乱伦生子”、“为情杀子”、“负罪受惩”这样一个逐渐走向毁灭的表层过程,对应的是人物黑色欲望的滋长、罪恶的产生、觉醒后对黑色欲望的扼杀,达到灵魂的拯救和人性救赎这样的深层意义。据此,将全文分成四个部分。此外,笔者认为被杀的儿子在作品中其实是一种象征符号,并不一定是实体,“他”是人物内心的外化形态,是人物在思想、意志、情感上的体现者和承受者,是“黑色欲望”的化身,也是作家剖析人物心理,表达社会思想的中介物。鉴于以上的思考,论文以“黑色欲望”作为切入点进行论述,围绕“物欲求子”、“乱伦生子”、“为爱杀子”、“负罪受惩”这样的线索进行逐层深入的分析。正文部分一共分为这样四个部分：第一章——黑色欲望与物欲求子,分为两节：第一节分析“欲望”的含义,引出“黑色欲望”这一概念,并对它进行分析；建立它与“婴儿”意象之间的联系,说明婴儿是黑色欲望的集中外化；第二节论述黑色欲望滋生和存在的现实土壤和伦理环境,包括社会历史大环境,异化的自然环境以及扭曲的家庭环境。第二章——黑色欲望与乱伦生子,分为两节,表述的是剧中的婴儿是极度膨胀的物欲与情欲结合的产物,而并非神圣纯粹的爱情结晶。“他”正是黑色欲望的化身和象征,是在每个人黑色欲望浇灌下妖娆盛放的“恶之花”。第一节阐述他是“贪婪物欲之子”的依据；第二节阐述他是“畸形情欲之子”。第三章——黑色欲望与为情杀子,分为两节,重点是论述“杀子”多重象征隐喻意义：女主人公对物质贪欲的扼杀,另类的社会抗争与命运抗争。第四章——黑色欲望与人性救赎,分为三节：第一节论述伊本和爱碧勇敢承担后果,接受惩罚,走向死亡,这是灵魂的救赎、人性的复苏,也是对孤独隔膜命运的粉碎，但另一个层面也是对现实文明的妥协。通过分析《榆树下的欲望》中主人公们的"黑色欲望"，挖掘这部经典剧作文本蕴涵的意蕴，关注和剖析人性的本质，，由对个体人性的探索上升到整体的人性困境和解救途径的思考,并得出人性自我救赎的结论。
[Abstract]:Eugene O'Neill is an internationally renowned American dramatist who is praised as Shakespeare of America. Desire under the Elm is always regarded as a classic in O'Neill 's plays and scholars have great enthusiasm for his research.But the image is often greater than the thought, and the content of the research works is more important than the subjective desire expressed by the writers.This paper selects "Black desire" and "Baby" in his play desire under the Elm as the main research object, and analyzes the connotation and symbolic meaning of hiding it, and the thinking of human salvation.The paper focuses on the "Black desire" in the works of "Ulm", which is characterized by the analysis of the drama from the point of view of the text itself and from the perspective of detail.In the course of reading, the author finds that the plot takes "the baby" as the potential clue, and series up the "material desire to seek the child", "incest to have a child", "to kill the child for emotion", "to be punished for the crime" such a surface process which gradually moves toward the destruction.The corresponding is the growth of black desire of characters, the emergence of evil, the stifling of black desire after awakening, and the deep meaning of saving soul and saving human nature.According to this, the paper is divided into four parts.In addition, the author thinks that the murdered son is in fact a symbolic symbol in his works, not necessarily an entity. "he" is the externalized form of the character's heart, the embodiment and the acceptor of the character's thought, will, and emotion.It is the embodiment of Black desire and the intermediary for writers to analyze characters' psychology and express social thoughts.In view of the above thinking, the paper takes "Black desire" as the starting point to analyze the clues of "material desire to seek son", "incest to have children", "to love and kill children" and "to be punished for guilt".The text is divided into four parts:Chapter I-Black desire and material desire for children, are divided into two sections: the first section analyzes the meaning of "desire", leads out the concept of "black desire" and analyzes it, and establishes the relationship between it and the image of "baby".The second section discusses the realistic soil and ethical environment of the breeding and existence of black desire, including the social and historical environment, the alienation of the natural environment and the distorted family environment.The second chapter, Black desire and incest, is divided into two sections, which express that the infant in the play is the product of the extremely inflated material desire and the sexual desire, but not the pure love crystallization of the sacredness.He is the embodiment and symbol of black desire.The first section states that he is the child of greed and the second explains that he is the son of deformed lust.The third chapter-Black desire and love kill son, divided into two sections, the emphasis is to discuss the "Kill son" multi-symbolic metaphorical meaning: the heroine's strangulation of material greed, alternative social struggle and destiny struggle.Chapter IV-Black desire and human salvation, divided into three sections: the first section discusses Ibne and Abby bravely bear the consequences, accept punishment, towards death, this is the salvation of the soul, the recovery of human nature, but also the shattering of the fate of loneliness.But another level is a compromise to real civilization.By analyzing the "black desire" of the protagonists in desire under the Elm, the author excavates the implication of the text of this classic play, and pays close attention to and analyzes the essence of human nature.From the exploration of individual humanity to the whole predicament of human nature and the thinking of the way of salvation, the conclusion of self-redemption of human nature is drawn.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.073

【参考文献】