《四个四重奏》中自然意象的多维解读

发布时间：2018-04-05 14:16

本文选题：自然意象　切入点：象征　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：英美现代派诗歌大师，诺贝尔文学奖（1948）获得者T.S.艾略特（1888-1965）的获奖作品《四个四重奏》是模仿贝多芬四重奏音乐形式的大胆尝试，由冠以特定地名并独立成篇的四首诗构成。诗人经过八年的卓越努力，在这首抱负不凡的长诗里，运用大量意象，十分雄辩地反映了其对人生和人类命运，对时间和永恒的思考。本文以《四个四重奏》中的自然意象为基础,从多维度进行剖析，解读了生命与死亡、短暂与永恒、思虑与超脱的既矛盾又统一的关系。进一步阐释了现象世界和本体世界的思辨性的一致，并通过对自然意象中的时间意义的关注，揭示艾略特在特殊时期，即战争结束后，对人生命运终极意义的思考。相信本研究对当今时代依然具有启示意义。本文共分为六章。第一章主要对诗人的文学成就及其《四个四重奏》作一个简介。第二章梳理了象征主义理论对艾略特《四个四重奏》的影响以及在诗中的体现。第三、四、五章从象征主义的角度，对《四》中的三类主要意象：玫瑰园意象，水意象和火意象进行了多维度的分析。其中，第三章主要是对玫瑰园及其内相关生物意象的象征含义进行解析。用艾略特的话说，“玫瑰园”是“旋转世界上的静点”，现在、过去和未来在这里交汇和统一。本章将通过分析包括玫瑰、玫瑰园、荷花、紫杉和鸟等生物意象，说明时间短暂性和永恒性的对立统一。第四章中，水意象具体表现为两种形式：河流和海洋。河流川流不息，为生命之源，在诗中又与时间相关，却如生命般转瞬即逝；大海广袤神秘，是“许多神和许多声音的集合”，却是永恒。然而两者并非没有交集，它们统一于“时间有限和无限的交叉点”。第五章中，火这一自然意象在诗人的描写中，既是毁灭的象征，又是重生的希望。同时，艾略特笔下的火与其玫瑰园意象一样，，与时间和历史紧紧相关联。通过写火，爱略特对时间与历史，时间与永恒，有限与无限作了深刻的思考。诗歌的每一章都以探寻者的角度向读者倾诉，展现出探寻者的整体意识，从而表达了诗人“火焰与玫瑰合二为一”的愿望。论文的结语部分对全篇进行了总结：诗人的精神世界，即本体世界本是主观和抽象的，但可以通过具体的意象来反映，当我们研究实实在在的自然意象在诗歌中体现出的象征意义时，就能较为清晰地看到诗人力图通过自然向我们揭示的生命意义。这些意象引导我们找到一条认知的道路，帮助我们在现象世界的短暂性和表层性当中找到精神世界的永恒性和长存性。
[Abstract]:T. S., master of British and American modernist poetry, Nobel Prize in Literature, 1948).Elliot's award-winning work "four Quintets" is a bold attempt to imitate the music form of Beethoven's quartet. It is composed of four poems with a specific geographical name and an independent composition.After eight years of outstanding efforts, the poet used a large number of images in this ambitious poem, which eloquently reflected his thoughts on life and human destiny, time and eternity.Based on the natural images in the four quartets, this paper analyzes the contradictory and unified relations between life and death, between ephemeral and eternal, between contemplation and transcendence from many dimensions.This paper further explains the speculative consistency between the phenomenal world and the ontological world, and reveals Eliot's thinking on the ultimate meaning of life's fate in a special period, that is, after the end of the war, by paying attention to the time meaning of the natural image.It is believed that this study still has enlightening significance to the present era.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter gives a brief introduction to the poet's literary achievements and his four quartets.The second chapter combs the influence of symbolism theory on Eliot's "four quartet" and its embodiment in poetry.In the third, fourth and fifth chapters, from the perspective of symbolism, the author analyzes the three main images in "four": rose garden image, water image and fire image.Among them, the third chapter mainly analyzes the symbolic meaning of the rose garden and its related biological images.In Eliot's words, the "rose garden" is "the point of the whirling world", where the present, past and future meet and unite.This chapter will illustrate the opposites of temporal transience and permanence by analyzing biological images including roses, rose gardens, lotus flowers, yew and birds.In the fourth chapter, the image of water is manifested in two forms: rivers and oceans.Rivers are the source of life, and they are related to time in poetry, but they are fleeting as life. The vast and mysterious sea is "a collection of many gods and many voices", but it is eternal.However, the two are not without the intersection, they are unified in the "time limited and infinite intersection."In the fifth chapter, the natural image of fire is not only the symbol of destruction, but also the hope of rebirth.Meanwhile, Elliott's fire is as closely related to time and history as its rose garden image.By writing fire, Eliot thought deeply about time and history, time and eternity, finite and infinite.Every chapter of the poem confides to the reader from the angle of the seeker, showing the whole consciousness of the searcher, thus expressing the poet's desire of "the fire and the rose are one".The conclusion of the paper summarizes the whole part: the poet's spiritual world, that is, the ontology world is subjective and abstract, but can be reflected by concrete images.When we study the symbolic meaning of the real natural image in poetry, we can clearly see the meaning of life which the poet tries to reveal to us through nature.These images lead us to a path of cognition and help us find the permanence and permanence of the spiritual world in the transitory and superficial nature of the phenomenal world.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.072

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