从与超验主义的对比看霍桑辩证的世界观

发布时间：2018-04-19 08:24

本文选题：霍桑 + 超验主义　；参考：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为美国19世纪文艺复兴时期最重要的浪漫主义小说家之一,霍桑一生笔耕不辍,著作颇丰,创造出了许多具有审美价值的传世佳作。他开创了美国小说中富有象征性的浪漫形式,为美国文学添上了浓墨重彩的一笔。霍桑的创作思想与盛行于当时的哲学思潮--超验主义是分不开的。在与以爱默生为首的超验主义者们的密切接触的过程中,霍桑的思想受到了潜移默化的影响。一方面,他的作品中所表现出来的一些思想观念,如超灵观、自然观、自助观以及象征主义手法在其创作中的反复运用都体现了超验主义的基本思想内涵。看起来,他似乎是个超验主义者。但另一方面,他又绝不是个超验主义者,他没有全盘吸收超验主义思想,在很多看法上,如人性的善与恶、超越途径以及人与社会的关系问题上,霍桑与超验主义者们的见解截然不同。他对超验主义的人性观、超越观持怀疑和否定态度,并深刻批判了备受超验主义推崇的个人主义.。在习惯于用线性思维看问题的人看来,他是左右摇摆,含混不清,但通过深层研究他的作品,我们可以看出他并不含混,他的思想虽出于那个时代,却又远胜于那个时代。在他那诸多看似“矛盾”“含混”的作品的外衣下,隐藏的却是—种审慎的辩证的人生态度。本文正是从超验主义视角出发,结合相关作品和材料,通过分析对比霍桑思想与超验主义思想的异同,从而对霍桑思想进行全新的解读,总结揭示其辩证的人生观,以期更全面更深刻的理解霍桑作品。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important Romantic novelists in the American Renaissance in the 19th century, Hawthorne wrote a lot of works and created many outstanding works with aesthetic value.He created a symbolic form of romance in American novels and added a great deal to American literature.Hawthorne's creative thought is inseparable from the prevailing philosophical trend of thought-transcendentalism.In close contact with transcendentalists led by Emerson, Hawthorne's thought was influenced subtly.On the one hand, some ideas expressed in his works, such as super-spiritual view, natural view, self-help view and the repeated use of symbolism in his works, all embody the basic ideological connotation of transcendentalism.It'seems that he is a transcendentalist.But on the other hand, he was by no means a transcendentalist. He did not fully absorb transcendentalism. In many views, such as the good and evil of human nature, the transcendental approach and the relationship between man and society,Hawthorne and transcendentalists have different views.He holds a skeptical and negative attitude towards transcendentalism's view of humanity and transcendence, and deeply criticizes individualism, which is highly respected by transcendentalism.To those who are used to thinking in line, he is swinging from side to side, vague, but through a deep study of his works, we can see that he is not ambiguous, his thoughts, though out of that era, are far better than those of that time.Under the cloak of his many seemingly contradictory and ambiguous works, there is a prudent and dialectical attitude to life.This article is from the transcendentalism angle of view, unifies the related work and the material, through the analysis contrasts the Hawthorne thought and the transcendentalism thought similarities and differences, thus carries on the brand-new interpretation to the Hawthorne thought, summarizes and reveals its dialectical outlook on life.With a view to a more comprehensive and deeper understanding of Hawthorne works.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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