迪伦马特侦探作品中的正义观

发布时间：2018-04-21 06:20

本文选题：迪伦马特 + 正义　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：弗里德里希·迪伦马特是瑞士著名的德语作家、剧作家。他的剧作《物理学家》享誉世界文坛，也为他赢得了国际性的声誉与文坛地位。但该剧出人意料的结局，却让我们不得不质疑该剧正面意义。要为该剧结局的正当性辩护，我们必须回答以下两个问题：1.该剧的悲剧结尾是否体现了作者负面的正义观？2.在该部作品中偶然性的巨大作用，是否体现了作者虚无主义的倾向？为了回答这两个问题，我们首先研究了迪伦马特的一篇题名为“关于正义与法律的疯狂演讲”的论文。因为在这篇论文中，作者对于正义与公平这一问题的看法，可以说得到了集中的体现。通过对该文的分析，，我们的第一个问题有了答案：迪伦马特的正义在于世界善恶最原初的平衡。《物理学家》中的主人公，不论他的动机是否正义，他杀了人，破坏了平衡，妨碍了世界的公平，他的行为必须得到纠治，所以他失败了。他的失败，不是正义的失败，而是正义的胜利。而在对第一个问题的解答中也找到了第二个问题的答案：迪伦马特作品中的偶然性并不代表着虚无主义的倾向，它同样是一种必然性的体现，只是这种必然性超越了人们的认识，是一种近于神明的力量。为了检验我们的观点是否正确，本文将对迪伦马特的侦探作品进行分析。之所以选取他的侦探作品，因为对于正义与偶然的讨论正是他这类作品的重要主题之一。通过分析我们发现，迪伦马特侦探作品中的世界虽然显得混乱无序，但在这无序中，罪犯最终都难逃惩罚，而且这种惩罚通过偶然性因素的干预而实现的，就好像有一种绝对的正义统治这个世界。而这也正好验证了我们所提出的关于迪伦马特正义观的论点。
[Abstract]:Friedrich Durrenmatt is a famous Swiss German writer and playwright. His play physicist is famous in the world and has won him international reputation and status in the literary world. But the unexpected end of the play, but we have to question the positive significance of the play. To justify the end of the play, we must answer two questions: 1. Does the tragic end of the play reflect the author's negative view of justice? Does the great role of chance in this work reflect the nihilism of the author? To answer these questions, we first studied a paper by Durrenmatt entitled "Crazy speech on Justice and Law". Because in this paper, the author's views on justice and fairness can be said to be concentrated. By analyzing the article, our first question is answered: Durrenmatt's justice lies in the world's most primordial balance of good and evil. The protagonist in "physicist", whether his motives are just or not, he kills people and destroys the balance. He failed because his actions had to be rectified because they hindered the fairness of the world. His failure was not a defeat of justice, but a triumph of justice. In the answer to the first question, the answer to the second question is found: the chance in Durrenmatt's works does not represent the nihilism tendency, it is also the embodiment of necessity. But this inevitability is beyond the understanding of people, is a near-divine power. In order to verify the correctness of our point of view, this paper will analyze Durrenmatt's detective works. His detective works are chosen because the discussion of justice and chance is one of the important themes of his works. Through analysis, we find that although the world in Durrenmatt's detective works appears to be chaotic and disordered, in this disorder, the criminal can not escape punishment, and this punishment is realized through the intervention of accidental factors. It is as if there is an absolute right to rule the world. And this also confirms our argument about Durrenmatt's view of justice.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I522.073

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