弗洛伊德心理分析视角下的《小妇人》

发布时间：2018-04-29 06:05

本文选题：心理分析 + 本我　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：《小妇人》是美国作家奥尔科特在十九世纪写作的一部家庭小说，这部小说是根据作家和她三个姐妹的童年经历写成的。自从发表后，深受读者好评，至今仍是世界上最流行的小说之一。之前对这部小说的评论主要是从清教主义，超验主义自然观和女性主义方面展开，本文试从弗洛伊德精神分析法的角度解读这部小说揭示的深层含义。本文根据弗洛伊德的人格结构理论，研究小说中主人翁思想行为产生的心理机制。根据弗洛伊德理论，人格结构主要分为三层，即本我，，自我和超我。本篇论文主要分为四个部分。论文第一部分主要讲述这四个小妇人无意识的行为，即本我，并且进一步探讨她们行为产生的心理机制；第二部分主要根据超我分析促使她们取得进步的社会和家庭因素；论文第三部分运用人格结构中意识的理论，分析小妇人们如何在本我和超我的平衡过程中形成自己有意识的行为。最后一章分析小妇人在经历了一系列挫折后，最终实现了精神转变，成为了具有新时代独立精神的女性，从不成熟的小女孩变成了完美的女性。通过分析女主人翁的本我，自我，超我以及她们的思想转变过程，本文得出以下结论：在经过了一系列成长过程中的挫折和心灵的挣扎后，她们最终克服了人类天性中的邪恶，获得了内心的平静，把自身从焦虑的情绪中解放出来。艾美从一个自私自傲的公主转变成以扶弱为己任的真正的淑女，梅格从一个虚荣的女孩成长为为了爱情甘于贫困的女性，乔克服了暴躁，暴力的精神倾向，最终变成了一位宽容和富有自我牺牲精神的母亲，贝思不再是一个说话不流利的胆小女孩，她为了帮助别人牺牲了自己，成为了真正的天使。经过了内心痛苦的挣扎，她们获得了内心的独立，从而使生命呈现出新的意义。这些年轻的女性在成长过程中面临着艰难的抉择，在母亲家庭教育的熏陶社会规则的要求中实现了自身价值和社会需求的平衡，完善了灵魂。
[Abstract]:"Little Women" is a family novel written by American writer Alcott in nineteenth Century. This novel was written on the basis of the childhood experience of the writer and her three sisters. Since it was published, it is well received by readers and is still one of the most popular novels in the world. The previous comments on this novel are mainly from Puritanism and transcendentalism. This paper tries to interpret the deep meaning of this novel from the perspective of Freud's psychoanalysis.
According to Freud's theory of personality structure, this paper studies the psychological mechanism of the thought and behavior of the master in the novel. According to Freud's theory, the personality structure is divided into three layers, namely, the ego, the ego and the superego. This thesis is divided into four parts. The first part of the thesis is mainly about the four small women's unconscious behavior, that is, the ego. And further explore the psychological mechanism of their behavior; the second part is mainly based on the superego analysis to promote their progress in social and family factors; the third part of the paper uses the theory of consciousness in the personality structure to analyze how the young women form their own conscious behavior in the process of the balance between the original and the superego. One chapter analyses the little woman who has experienced a series of setbacks and finally realized the spiritual transformation, becoming a woman with a new era of independence and becoming a perfect woman. After a series of setbacks and spiritual struggles, they eventually overcome the evil of human nature, get the inner peace, liberate themselves from the anxious mood. Amy transforms from a selfish and proud princess into a true lady with the help of the weak. Meg grew up from a vanity girl to love. With the impoverished woman, Joe overcome the impatience, the spiritual tendency of violence, and eventually become a tolerant and self sacrificing mother. Beth is no longer a little girl who speaks without fluency. In order to help others sacrifice herself, she becomes a real angel. After a painful struggle in her heart, they gain inner independence. In the process of growing up, these young women face difficult choices in the process of growing up. They have realized the balance of their own values and social needs in the demands of the mother's family education, and perfected the soul.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】