狂欢的女性世界—女性狂欢视角下的《马戏团之夜》

发布时间：2018-05-01 14:08

本文选题：《马戏团之夜》 + 狂欢化　；参考：《河南师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：安吉拉·卡特是二十世纪英国文坛颇受瞩目的女作家，其代表作《马戏团之夜》是当代最为引人入胜的作品之一。卡特生前旗帜鲜明地表达自己的女性主义观点，公开以女性主义作家自居，其作品中丰富多元的女性主义思想以及深刻的女性关怀自然成为评论界关注的焦点，然而对于《马戏团之夜》中同样丰富的狂欢化特征，学界却鲜有系统研究，，将二者结合起来对小说进行的研究更是凤毛麟角。因此，本文以巴赫金狂欢化理论为主，以女性主义理论为辅，系统阐述小说如何构建一个颠覆既有秩序的狂欢世界，分析卡特如何通过加冕脱冕、怪诞身体、笑虐等狂欢化特征来实现其解构二元对立、颠覆父权制意识形态下性别建构以及重构和谐两性关系的女性主义目标。论文引言部分简要介绍了作家作品，着重追述了国内外安吉拉·卡特的研究历史进程以及对《马戏团之夜》的相关评论，由此提出进一步探索的空间和可能性，并概述了论文的基本框架结构。论文主体部分分为四章。第一章介绍巴赫金狂欢化理论、该理论与女性主义理论的关系以及理论对小说文本研究的适用性。第二章挖掘了小说的狂欢化特征。论文认为，小说中时空与意象的狂欢化、人物间具有狂欢特质的亲昵接触、狂欢广场式语言的使用共同建构起一个狂欢世界，从而打破和解构了固有的规则、标准、传统，颠覆了等级森严的真实世界。借此，卡特清扫了父权社会等级制度下的种种限制，为进一步实现其女性主义目标奠定了基础。第三章着重分析小说中加冕和脱冕仪式对二元对立模式的颠覆与解构，认为卡特对经典童话、神话中人物和情节的加冕/脱冕意在揭露童话、神话的欺骗性及其教化女性的目的，同时小说对情节的改写也起到了颠覆男性\女性二元对立的作用；对宗教仪式及参与者形象加冕、脱冕是为了削弱宗教在二元对立中的神圣地位；而在小说中为动物加冕、为人类脱冕解构了人与动物间二元对立的关系。二元对立是父权制社会的基石，卡特通过加冕、脱冕实现了对二元对立模式的解构，也就对父权制权威提出了挑战。第四章阐述了卡特如何通过怪诞女性身体和狂欢式的笑来实现其女性主义目标。此外，本章还探讨了卡特在狂欢氛围中对实现其女性主义目标的其他尝试，包括女性同性间的爱与关怀和纯女性乌托邦的构建，此类完全忽略男性作用的尝试在实践上显然无法走得更远，卡特也由此最终确定男女间平等、真诚的爱才是实现两性自由、和谐生活的关键。研究结果表明，作为一部典型的狂欢化小说，《马戏团之夜》构建了一个狂欢世界。这场颠覆式的狂欢尘埃落定于女性狂欢，其终级目标是控诉和反抗父权制意识形态下女性被统治、被压迫的悲苦命运，唤醒女性挣脱束缚、争取自由和平等的独立意识，呼唤两性和谐共存的社会新秩序。
[Abstract]:Angela Carter is a famous female writer in English literary circles in the 20th century. Her masterpiece Circus Night is one of the most attractive contemporary works. Carter took a clear-cut stand in expressing his feminist views and openly regarded himself as a feminist writer. The rich and diverse feminist thoughts and deep concern for women in his works naturally became the focus of critical attention. However, there is little systematic research on the equally rich carnival characteristics in circus night, and the research on the combination of the two is even rarer. Therefore, based on Bakhtin's carnival theory and supplemented by feminist theory, this paper systematically expounds how the novel constructs a world of revelry that subverts the existing order, and analyzes how Carter, through coronation, takes off the coronation and grotesque body. Laugh masochism and other carnival characteristics to achieve its deconstruction of dual opposition, subversion of the patriarchal ideology of gender construction and reconstruction of the feminist goal of harmonious gender relations. In the introduction part of the thesis, the writer's works are briefly introduced, and the historical process of Angela Carter's research at home and abroad and the related comments on Circus Night are emphatically recounted, and the space and possibility for further exploration are put forward. The basic frame structure of the thesis is also summarized. The main part of the thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces Bakhtin's carnival theory, its relationship with feminist theory and its applicability to the study of novel texts. The second chapter excavates the carnival characteristic of the novel. The paper holds that the carnival of time and space and image in the novel, the intimate contact between characters with carnival characteristics, the use of carnival square language together construct a carnival world, thus breaking and deconstructing the inherent rules, standards and traditions. Overturning the hierarchical real world. In this way, Carter cleared up all kinds of restrictions under the patriarchal hierarchy system and laid the foundation for the further realization of his feminist goal. Chapter three focuses on the subversion and deconstruction of duality in the coronation and de-coronation ceremony, and thinks that Carter's coronation / discoronation of the characters and plot in the classic fairy tales, mythology and plots is intended to expose the fairy tales. The deceptive nature of mythology and its purpose of indoctrinating women, meanwhile, the novel also plays a role in subverting the dualistic opposition of men and women to the rewriting of the plot, and coronating religious ceremonies and the image of the participants. The purpose of de-coronation is to weaken the sacred position of religion in dualistic opposition, and to coronate animals and deconstruct the dualistic relationship between human beings and animals in the novel. Dualistic antagonism is the cornerstone of patriarchal society. Carter deconstructed the dualistic model by coronation, and challenged the authority of patriarchal system. Chapter four expounds how Carter achieves her feminist goal through grotesque female body and carnival laughter. In addition, this chapter also discusses Carter's attempts to achieve her feminist goals in the carnival atmosphere, including the love and concern among women of the same sex and the construction of pure female utopia. Such attempts to completely ignore the role of men clearly cannot go any further in practice, and Carter finally determines that men and women are equal, and that genuine love is the key to achieving a free and harmonious life for both sexes. The results show that as a typical carnival novel, Circus Night constructs a carnival world. The ultimate goal of this subversive carnival is to accuse and resist the patriarchal ideology in which women are ruled and oppressed, and awaken the independence consciousness of women breaking free from bondage and striving for freedom and equality. Call for the harmonious coexistence of the new social order.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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