新历史主义视角下的《私人生活》

发布时间：2018-05-11 19:02

本文选题：历史文本性 + 文本历史性　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：简·斯迈利是美国当代最具创新性和最多产的女性作家之一。她的第十三部小说《私人生活》描写了一个女人从19世纪80年代到20世纪40年代的一生，被誉为自其普利策获奖作品《一千英亩》之后最好的小说。自2010年出版至今，已经有许多解读该小说主题的书评。有些评论家认为小说描绘了一个令人心碎的婚姻—怯懦的妻子和过于自我的丈夫。另外一些评论家则认为该书谱写了一曲对离婚权的赞歌。还有些批评家认为小说实为一个有关失去的故事和美国生活的寓言。此外，也有一些文章从女性主义的视角来解读该书。但是，至今为止没有对该小说进行系统全面解析的具有较高学术价值的论文出现。本文试图通过新历史主义视角解读该作品以期能够填补这一学术空白。新历史主义兴起于20世纪80年代初的美国，在20世纪90年代获得广泛影响。它反对新批评的形式主义，，在分析文本时倾向于将其置于一个特定时间和地点的文化中。历史的文本性和文本的历史性是新历史主义理论中非常重要的一对概念。简单来说，新历史主义可以看成是对文学文本和非文学文本的平行阅读。对新历史主义者来说，历史不是一连串的事实而是一种文本或历史叙事。文学文本也不只是作者凭空想象的产物而是历史的一部分。这种对历史和文本关系的独特阐释即被新历史主义大师路易斯·蒙特罗斯定义为历史的文本性和文本的历史性。《私人生活》被许多读者认为是一部历史小说，因其将半个世纪的美国历史杂糅进小说情节中。所以，历史的文本性和文本的历史性在这部作品中得到了充分的体现。在本文第一章中，首先从历史的文本本质和主观性来解读该小说，其次从小说中涉及到的历史事件和人物以及文化两方面来解释文本的历史性。权力和话语是新历史主义另外一对重要的概念。在新历史主义者看来，权力是一种无处不在的动态存在。而话语大致等同于意识形态，只是前者更注重语言的作用。没有任何一种话语可以仅凭自身就能建构一段历史，不同话语会建构出不同版本的历史。新历史主义更关注于边缘人群的话语。《私人生活》中人物角色众多，其中许多角色都属于被占统治地位的主流阶层边缘化的群体。在本文第二章中，将从社会权力和家庭权力两方面来解读小说中的权力运作，同时通过小说中的女性话语和日裔美国人的话语来建构那一段逝去的历史。通过采用新历史主义的视角，本文旨在为《私人生活》的解析提供一个创新性的探索方向并期望可以借此增强读者对历史和文本的互文性的理解。
[Abstract]:Jane Smiley is one of the most innovative and prolific female writers in contemporary America. Her thirteenth novel, Private Life, depicts a woman's life from the 1880s to the 1940s as the best novel since her Pulitzer prize-winning novel < 1,000 acres]. Since its publication in 2010, there have been many reviews of the theme of the novel. Some critics argue that the novel depicts a heartbreaking marriage-a cowardly wife and an over- self-husband. Others say the book is a hymn of divorce rights. Some critics see the novel as a fable about loss and American life. In addition, there are some articles from a feminist perspective to interpret the book. However, up to now, there are no papers with high academic value for systematic and comprehensive analysis of the novel. This paper attempts to interpret this work from the perspective of New historicism in order to fill this academic gap. New historicism rose in the early 1980 s in America and gained extensive influence in the 1990 s. It opposes the formalism of new criticism and tends to place the text in a culture of a particular time and place. The textuality of history and the historicity of text are two very important concepts in the new historicism theory. In short, new historicism can be seen as a parallel reading of literary and non-literary texts. To the New historicists, history is not a series of facts but a text or historical narrative. Literary texts are not just the product of the author's imagination, but a part of history. This unique interpretation of the relationship between history and text is defined by the new historicist master Louis Montrose as the textuality of history and the historicity of the text. "Private Life" is regarded by many readers as a historical novel. It mixes half a century of American history into the plot of the novel. Therefore, the text of history and the history of text in this work has been fully reflected. In the first chapter, we first interpret the novel from the essence and subjectivity of the historical text, and then explain the historical nature of the text from the historical events and characters involved in the novel as well as the cultural aspects. Power and discourse are another important concept of New historicism. In the view of New historicists, power is a dynamic existence everywhere. Discourse is roughly equivalent to ideology, but the former pays more attention to the role of language. No discourse can construct a history on its own. Different discourse can construct different versions of history. Neo-historicism pays more attention to the discourse of marginalized people. There are many characters in Private Life, many of which belong to the marginalized groups of the dominant mainstream class. In the second chapter, we will interpret the power operation in the novel from the two aspects of social power and family power, and construct the lost history through the female discourse in the novel and the discourse of the Japanese-American people at the same time. From the perspective of new historicism, this paper aims to provide an innovative exploration direction for the analysis of Private Life and hope to enhance readers' understanding of the intertextuality of history and texts.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【相似文献】