原始主义视角下的T.S.艾略特研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 06:26

本文选题：T.S.艾略特 + 原始主义　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国诗人、剧作家、文学批评家T. S.艾略特不仅是公认的现代主义艺术的积极倡导者，也是原始主义的忠实追随者。在文学创作中，通过对技巧的革新和实验，艾略特的创作视野呈现出一种前倾趋势；而艾略特对传统的尊重和对往昔的珍视又使其创作视野不断后置。作为一名现代派作家，艾略特的人类学视野、宗教信仰以及神话手法为读者营造了一个属于艾略特的异彩纷呈的世界。在这个世界里，读者可以看到艾略特对于原始主义的迷恋。本论文从18世纪原始主义思潮的起源开始，一直追溯到其在20世纪的复兴。艾略特原始主义情怀的形成需归因于他的童年，他在哈佛受到的教育以及他所提倡的神话创作手法—童年是艾略特原始冲动之源，，在哈佛的岁月培养了他的人类学意识，而神话手法则表明他的艺术思维方式呈现原始主义转向。本文随后详细阐释了艾略特诗歌中丰富多样的原始主义元素，例如原始冲动、非主流文化、神话原型等等。除此以外，基于戏剧同样是艾略特研究中举足轻重的部分，本文还探讨了仪式元素、神话原型以及观众和演员的融合如何在艾略特的剧作中得以体现。本文在原始主义、人类学、神话原型批评以及精神分析理论的基础上，试图呈现一幅艾略特研究的全景图，认为20世纪的艾略特是现代的，也是原始的。他的作品清晰地表达了一种原始主义的倾向。从作品中的原始元素中，艾略特试图寻找的不仅仅是一种精神慰藉，更是一种原始魔力，通过它社会可以恢复秩序，荒原般的现代世界亦能找到原始时代的生活意义。从原始到现代这一史诗般的跨越将艾略特的作品置于更加宏伟的背景。更为重要的是，这种跨越赋予艾略特的作品恒久的艺术价值。
[Abstract]:English poet, playwright and literary critic T. S. Eliot is not only an active advocate of modernist art, but also a faithful follower of primitivism. In literary creation, through the innovation and experiment of skill, Eliot's creative field of vision shows a trend of forward tendency, while Eliot's respect for tradition and his cherishing of the past make his creative field of vision unceasing. As a modernist writer, Elliott's anthropological vision, religious belief and mythology have created a colorful world for the reader. In this world, readers can see Eliot's fascination with primitivism. This thesis begins with the origin of the primitive thought in the 18 th century and goes back to its revival in the 20 th century. The formation of Elliott's primordial feelings was attributed to his childhood, his education at Harvard and his mythological techniques-childhood was the source of Elliott's primitive impulse, and his anthropological consciousness was nurtured during his years at Harvard. The mythological technique shows that his artistic way of thinking shows a primitive turn. This paper then explains in detail the rich and diverse elements of primitivism in Eliot's poetry, such as primitive impulse, non-mainstream culture, mythical archetype, etc. In addition, based on the fact that drama is also an important part of Eliot's study, this paper discusses how ritual elements, mythological archetypes and the fusion of audience and actor can be embodied in Eliot's plays. Based on the theories of primitivism, anthropology, mythological archetypal criticism and psychoanalysis, this paper attempts to present a panoramic view of Eliot's study, which holds that Eliot in the 20th century is modern and primitive. His work clearly expresses a primitive tendency. From the original elements in his works, Eliot tries to find not only a kind of spiritual comfort, but also a kind of primitive magic, through which order can be restored, and the modern world as a wasteland can also find the meaning of life in primitive times. The epic leap from primitive to modern places Eliot's work in a more magnificent setting. More importantly, this leapfrogging endows Elliott's work with enduring artistic value.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.06

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