福克的小说《押沙龙，押沙龙

发布时间：2018-05-29 10:10

本文选题：福克纳 + 《押沙龙　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：《押沙龙，押沙龙！》是福克纳重要的长篇小说之一，是作者在叙事艺术上的巅峰之作。小说精巧的叙事结构、复杂的叙述视角、多声部的叙述话语、隐喻性的场景组合等叙事策略让美国南方一个普通家庭的兴衰故事，，通过叙述行为的演变，蝶化成为一部异彩纷呈的史诗巨作。本文通过文本内部语言意义的微观研究，以经典叙事学理论和修辞叙事学理论为主要研究范式，解读这部作品复杂的叙事策略及其可能产生的修辞效果。论文除了序言和结语，由四章组成，分别从叙事结构、叙述视角、叙述声音及其话语性质、叙事场景等四个方面比较系统地探讨《押沙龙，押沙龙！》的叙事策略及其修辞意义。第一章以叙事学关于叙述层级结构的研究成果为基础，讨论这部小说多重叙事所产生的多层叙述关系；探究故事与话语的交互性和渐变性；阐述叙事各个要素之间相互影响的关系；梳理不同的交际层面对叙事文本信息和意义所产生的影响；揭示作者通过显性和隐性的叙述约定控制读者的阅读轨迹等与叙事结构相关的问题。第二章以叙述视角理论探讨《押沙龙，押沙龙！》复杂的视角结构、视角转换和视角越界、视角混杂等现象及其修辞功能。将小说的叙述视角与作者的一个短篇小说“伊万吉林”进行对比研究，论证叙述视角在深化故事意义中所起的重要作用；通过分析第一人称单、复数视角的修辞效果，论述第一人称复数视角的可靠性和逼真性。第三章对比《押沙龙，押沙龙！》叙述声音结构与复调音乐赋格曲式的异同，指出作者对音乐表现形式的刻意模仿使语言叙事带有明显的乐感，因而具有较高的审美价值。此外，本章讨论了人物话语对歌剧声乐和公众演说的模仿，指出这种模仿使叙述带有较强的讽刺性和申辩性质。最后，采用古典修辞理论对人物罗沙的话语进行分析，否定了罗沙话语的歇斯底里性质，指出罗沙话语对于人物定性的适合性。第四章主要分析小说中多次出现的“萨德本百里地”等房屋、气味等叙事场景，阐释物理、地理等物化场景对小说的历史和文化等抽象场景的反映；分析“紫藤花”、“雪茄烟味”、“萤火虫”等物理场景在重复过程中的隐喻化现象及其修辞功能。结语追溯福克纳的创作理念和潜在的叙事动机，指出福克纳的创作与南方曾经尊崇的骑士精神的联系；揭示福克纳的“宏伟规划”及其隐秘的写作理念。
[Abstract]:Absalom, Absalom! is one of Faulkner's important novels. The sophisticated narrative structure, complex narrative perspective, multi-voice narrative discourse, metaphorical scene combination and other narrative strategies enable the rise and fall of an ordinary family in the southern United States through the evolution of narrative behavior. The butterflies turned into an epic masterpiece. Based on the microcosmic study of the meaning of language in the text, this paper takes the classical narratology theory and rhetoric narratology theory as the main research paradigm, and interprets the complex narrative strategy and the possible rhetorical effect of the novel. In addition to the preface and the conclusion, the paper consists of four chapters, respectively, from the narrative structure, narrative perspective, narrative voice and the nature of discourse, narrative scenes, the narrative strategy of "Absalom, Absalom!" and its rhetorical significance. The first chapter is based on the research results of narratology on the hierarchical structure of narration, discusses the multi-level narrative relations produced by the multi-narrative in this novel, explores the interactivity and gradual change of story and discourse. The paper expounds the relationship between the elements of narration, combs the influence of different communication levels on the information and meaning of narrative text. This paper reveals that the author controls the reader's reading track through explicit and implicit narrative conventions and other problems related to narrative structure. In the second chapter, the author discusses the complex structure of the angle of view, the transformation of the angle of view, the crossing of the angle of view, the mixing of the angle of view, and the rhetorical functions of Absalom, Absalom! with the theory of narrative perspective. By comparing the narrative angle of the novel with the author's short story "Ivan Jilin", this paper demonstrates the important role of narrative perspective in deepening the meaning of the story, and analyzes the rhetorical effects of the first person single and plural angle of view. This paper discusses the reliability and verisimilitude of the first person complex angle of view. The third chapter contrasts the similarities and differences between the sound structure and the polyphonic fugue, and points out that the author's deliberate imitation of the musical expression makes the language narration have an obvious sense of music, so it has higher aesthetic value. In addition, this chapter discusses the imitation of characters' discourse to opera vocal music and public speech, and points out that this kind of imitation makes narration have a strong satirical and argumentative nature. Finally, the classical rhetoric theory is used to analyze the discourse of Rosa, which negates the hysterical nature of Rosa's discourse and points out the suitability of Rosa's discourse for the characterization of the characters. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the narration scenes such as "THAAD, hundred miles" and so on, explains the reflection of physics, geography and other materialized scenes to the abstract scenes such as history and culture of the novel, and analyzes the "wisteria flower". The metaphorical phenomena and rhetorical functions of "cigar smell", "Firefly" and other physical scenes in the process of repetition. The conclusion traces Faulkner's creative ideas and potential narrative motives, points out the connection between Faulkner's creation and the chivalry spirit once respected in the South, and reveals Faulkner's "grand plan" and his hidden writing ideas.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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