《大地》中赛珍珠对儒家思想的批判与继承

发布时间：2018-05-29 10:22

本文选题：赛珍珠 + 《大地》　；参考：《信阳师范学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：最近几十年,随着经济全球化的进展,东西方文化交流已经成为世界文化发展的一种趋势。在这种特殊的文化语境中,赛珍珠的作品具有重要的启示意义,重拾对她及她作品的研究具有重要的现实意义。东西方双重文化背景成就了赛珍珠独特的东西方文化交错的文学心理世界和“普天之下是一家”独特的世界观。儒家思想长期以来影响和规范着中国人的思想和行为,它影响了赛珍珠本人,同时也融入到赛珍珠中国题材的小说中去。她的代表作《大地》中反映出她对古老的儒家文化的批判和继承。这种选择和兼收并蓄让她一生致力于构架中西文化之桥,让全世界的人民跨越种族和文化界限达到理解并吸收异质文化的精华。本文首先简单介绍了赛珍珠的生平和《大地》的主要内容以及国内外研究现状。然后介绍了儒家思想之糟粕,主要表现为儒家思想支配下的父权制度。父权和夫权是导致男女不平等的根源,《大地》中描写的杀婴的恶习剥夺了女性的生存权,包办婚姻和纳妾的习俗剥夺了女性的婚姻选择权和平等权,裹脚的陋习剥夺了女性的行动自由权。她的早期生活经历,她父亲对她母亲的态度,她第一任丈夫对她的态度以及广义的对待整个女性的观点都让她认识到父权制度下女性的悲惨命运,因而构成了她对儒家思想的批判之成因。赛珍珠看到的不仅是儒家思想之糟粕,更欣赏儒家思想之精华,比如儒家道义所提倡的仁者爱人、天人合一、尊师重教等精髓。王龙对父亲的孝顺、对女儿的呵护、对邻居的忠诚折射出儒家思想的核心观念——“仁”；王龙对土地的眷恋反映了儒家思想的理想境界——天人合一；王龙对儿子上学的骄傲显示出儒家思想对国人教育理念的深远影响。赛珍珠对儒家思想的承袭一方面与儿时孔先生的典籍教育不可分割；另一方面,她对智障女儿的爱激励着她在儿童领养和智障儿童的教育方面为世人做出了不可磨灭的贡献。她用一生实践着儒家的“仁者爱人”思想。赛珍珠一生在跨文化交流、妇女平等、儿童领养和对智障儿童的认识等不同方面都给后人留下了宝贵的财富。其仁爱之心,与儒者无二。本文通过分析《大地》中赛珍珠对儒家思想的批判与继承,显示了她对文化交流的基本态度是取其精华,弃其糟粕。赛珍珠为当下的文化建设树立了一个榜样,我们应当以“包容”的态度对中国传统文化以及外来文化进行客观辩证的认识,在坚守自己文化精华的前提下,以“包容”的精神对外来文化中的先进部分给予兼收并蓄,从而实现天下归一
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the development of economic globalization, cultural exchanges between East and West have become a trend in the development of world culture. In this special cultural context, Pearl Buck's works have important implications, and it is of great significance to rediscover her and her works.
The dual cultural background of the East and the West has achieved the unique literary psychological world of Pearl S. Buck's unique Eastern and Western cultures and the unique world view of "a family in the whole world". Confucianism has long influenced and regulated Chinese thought and behavior, which influenced Pearl S. Buck himself and also into the novels of the Chinese subject of Pearl S. Buck. Her masterpiece "the earth" reflects her criticism and inheritance of the ancient Confucian culture. This choice and integration has made her devoted her life to the bridge between Chinese and Western culture, and let the people of the whole world understand and absorb the essence of heterogeneous culture across the boundaries of race and culture.
This article first briefly introduces the life of Pearl Buck and the main contents of "the earth >" and the current research status at home and abroad. Then it introduces the dross of Confucianism, which is mainly manifested by the patriarchal system under the control of Confucianism. Paternity and the right to husband are the root cause of inequality between men and women. The custom of arranged marriage and concubinage deprived women of the right to choose marriage and the right to equality. The bad habits of the foot binding deprived women of the right to freedom of action. Her early life experience, her father's attitude to her mother, her first husband's attitude to her and the broad view of the whole woman made her realize that she was female under the patriarchal system. The tragic fate is the cause of her criticism of Confucianism. Pearl Buck sees not only the dross of Confucianism, but also the essence of Confucian thought, such as the essence of the benevolent lover advocated by Confucian morality, the harmony of heaven and man, the essence of respecting teachers, and so on. Wang Long's filial piety to his father, the care of his daughter, and the loyalty to his neighbors reflected the Confucianism. The core concept of the family thought - "benevolence", Wang Long's attachment to the land reflects the ideal state of Confucianism - the unity of heaven and man, and the profound influence of Wang Long's pride in the school of his son. On the other hand, her love for the mentally retarded daughter inspired her to make an indelible contribution to the education of children and mentally retarded children. She practiced the Confucian "benevolent love" idea throughout her life.
In his life, Pearl S. Buck has left precious wealth to the later people in various aspects, such as cross cultural communication, women's equality, child adoption and understanding of mentally retarded children. His benevolent heart and Confucianism have no two. This article shows that her basic attitude to cultural communication is the essence of her criticism and inheritance of Confucian thought. Pearl S. Buck sets an example for the present cultural construction. We should carry out an objective and dialectical understanding of Chinese traditional culture and foreign culture by "inclusive" attitude. On the premise of adhering to the essence of his culture, we should give the advanced part of foreign culture with the spirit of "tolerance", so that we can take the advanced part of the foreign culture together. In the first place
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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