拉康三境界说视域下弗罗斯特黑暗诗歌中的冷色意象研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 19:42

本文选题：罗伯特·弗罗斯特 + 黑暗诗歌　；参考：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国现代派诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特的黑暗诗歌中含有大量冷色意象，并寓有深意。本文运用雅克·拉康的三境界说，以冷色意象为切入点，解读弗氏黑暗诗歌的内涵。后结构主义心理学家拉康认为，人的主体心理经历自实在界、想象界至象征界的变化。从婴儿期的镜像阶段开始，人便通过想象将自己误认为一个理想的镜像；而要想在象征界中获得主体性，人必须克服俄狄浦斯情节，接受象征性的阉割，这导致了人类进一步的异化与缺失；此后，人类对圆满的心理需求只能通过不断构建幻象与抓住小他者来获得片刻满足。弗罗斯特的黑暗诗歌恰当地再现了这种困境。论文的第一章对弗罗斯特诗歌中的三类冷色意象-树林、雪和泉水-进行了梳理归纳和简单分析，接下来的第二、三、四章则运用拉康的三境界说来分别解读以上每一类冷色意象中蕴含的深意。从其诗歌中的冷色意象，我们看到三种不同的意象分别代表三种不同的心理：冷色意象“孩童退避进黑暗树林”象征诗人通过构建无忧无虑的生活来获得短暂的圆满幻觉，这种幻觉给人带来快感的同时，也提醒着诗人与读者：真正的圆满永远不可抵达。同时，幻觉被现实打破，诗中的主人公不得不回到现实中来；冷色意象“冰天雪地”象征诗人决意“朝向大地”，归从象征界的种种现实，但是自我被揭示为空无；此外，面对缺失与空无，诗人拒绝构建崇高，而是寄希望于“不断追寻”，通过描绘自然界中一些转瞬即逝的意象，如“深藏起来的清泉”、“半掩半明的月亮”和“早春枝头的嫩芽”等喻指永不可到达的圆满，以此获得部分的快感。我们发现，从“退避到树林”中的幻境中得到快乐，，到幻境破灭后的直面现实-----“在冰天雪地中行走”；从发现自我的缺失与空无，到寄希望于“不断追寻”-------借助诗歌中的隐喻来最大限度地靠近圆满。弗罗斯特诗歌中的三类冷色意象分别代表了人对真实界的“永恒的追求”。这是弗罗斯特黑暗诗歌的丰富内核。论文以诗人黑暗诗歌中的冷色意象为切入点，聚焦诗歌中的内核，解读其黑暗诗歌的美学内涵，为丰富罗伯特·弗罗斯特诗学理论做出贡献。
[Abstract]:The dark poems of Robert Frost, an American modernist poet, contain a lot of cool images and profound meanings. Based on Jacques Lacan's theory of three realms, this paper interprets the connotation of Freund's dark poems with coloring images as the starting point. Lakon, a post-structuralist psychologist, believes that the subjective psychological experience changes from reality, imagination to symbolism. From the mirroring stage of infancy, people mistake themselves for an ideal image through imagination; and in order to gain subjectivity in the symbolic world, one must overcome the Oedipus plot and accept symbolic castration. This leads to further alienation and absence of human beings; thereafter, human psychological needs for perfection can only be met for a moment by constantly constructing illusions and grasping the other. Frost's dark poems aptly recreate this dilemma. In the first chapter, the author summarizes and analyzes the three kinds of cool images in Frost's poems: forest, snow and spring water. The four chapters use Lacan's three realms to interpret the implications of each of these cool images. From the cool images in his poems, we can see that three different images represent three different kinds of psychology: the cold images "children retreat into the dark woods" symbolize the poet's temporary illusion of fulfillment through the construction of a carefree life. This hallucination brings pleasure, but also reminds poets and readers that true fulfillment can never be reached. At the same time, the hallucinations are broken by reality, and the protagonist in the poem has to return to reality; the colder image of "ice and snow" symbolizes the poet's determination to "face the earth" and belongs to the realities of the symbolic world, but the ego is revealed as empty; in addition, In the face of lack and emptiness, the poet refuses to build sublimity, but instead hopes on "continuous pursuit" by depicting fleeting images in nature, such as the "hidden spring". "half-covered and half-bright moon" and "bud of early spring branch" refer to unreachable fullness in order to obtain some pleasure. We find that from the illusion of retreat to the woods, to the face of reality after the collapse of the illusion-"walk in the ice and snow"; from the discovery of the lack of self and emptiness, Hope lies in "continuous pursuit"-using metaphors in poetry to get as close to perfection as possible. The three cool images in Frost's poetry represent the eternal pursuit of the real world. This is the rich heart of Frost's dark poetry. This paper focuses on the core of the poet's dark poetry and interprets the aesthetic connotation of his dark poetry and contributes to enrich Robert Frost's poetics theory.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.072

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