都市文化视阈下的《麦田里的守望者》研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 05:58

本文选题：麦田里的守望者 + 都市文化　；参考：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一部风靡了大半个世纪的小说,《麦田》因其塑造的追求自由反叛的主人公形象和深刻的主题而备受关注。在小说中,都市是一个隐匿的存在,但是它的功能和文化价值观却对主人公的人生产生了无形而又深刻的影响,小说中出现的都市空间不仅仅是小说情节设置的需要,更是作为都市文化的载体,反映出时代和社会的共同特征：开放的、快速变化的人情关系,肤浅、表面化、缺少对人性的内在关怀等等,它是小说所提供的批判都市文化消极影响的一个现实佐证。作者更借助于一系列都市意象,如街道、红色猎人帽、鸭子、旋转木马等,将人对都市的感觉和经验与客观形象相融合,从更加深广的语境中对人生真理和价值进行了追问。本文借助齐美尔的相关都市理论,从都市文化的角度对小说《麦田里的守望者》进行解读,通过分析小说中的重点人物形象、都市空间描写及意象设置,从而深入挖掘出小说中都市的现代化生活及其产生的制度约束对人的生存状态、命运走向的影响。本文分为六章：第一章即引言部分,主要对小说的作者、作品和论文的相关文献进行综述及对写作意图、结构等作简要概括。第二章是全篇论文中详细说明理论框架的部分,借助齐美尔的关于都市的相关理论对都市文化对人的制度规训作用、都市空间对于人的生存以及都市的意象意义等分别做了论证和阐释。第三章主要是解读小说中出现的各类人物包括主人公霍尔顿、他的两个同学和两位老师,重点解读霍尔顿与大环境的不相容的根本原因；而通过对他的两位老师斯宾塞老师和安托里尼先生的形象进行对比性分析,证明他们实际上是制度化社会的维护者；小说还塑造了另外两个和霍尔顿一样受教育的青少年形象,即他的两个同学阿克莱和斯特拉德莱塔,他们都是都市制度化生活的受害者。第四章重点分析小说中出现的各个都市生活场景：旅馆、酒吧、博物馆、电影院,在小说中,它们代表着一种社会性,它们塑造着都市中的生活方式和固有的心理范式。主人公在都市空间中可以随处游荡,但却不能摆脱这种都市文化的约束,因为它们正是作为都市文化的载体而存在。第五章摘取了小说中几个重要的都市意象：街道、红色猎人帽、水池里的鸭子、旋转木马等,并逐个进行了解读,这些都市意象的象征意义揭示了小说的主旨所在,那就是关于故事主人公霍尔顿未来走向的问题,更是关于现代都市化生活中人生命运抉择的问题。结语部分则是对论文内容做了进一步的提炼、总结和概括。
[Abstract]:As a popular novel for more than half a century, the Rye has attracted much attention because of its image and profound theme of the pursuit of freedom rebellion. In the novel, the city is a hidden existence, but its function and cultural values have an invisible and profound influence on the protagonist's life. The urban space appearing in the novel is not just the need of the plot setting of the novel. As a carrier of urban culture, it reflects the common characteristics of the times and society: open, rapidly changing human relations, superficial, lack of inherent care for human nature, etc. It is a realistic evidence of the negative impact of critical urban culture provided by the novel. By means of a series of urban images, such as street, red hunter hat, duck, merry-go-round and so on, the author combines people's feeling and experience of city with objective image, and inquires into the truth and value of life from a deeper and broader context. With the help of Zimmer's theory of the city, this paper interprets the novel Catcher in the Rye from the angle of urban culture, and analyzes the characters, the description of urban space and the setting of image in the novel. Thus, the author deeply excavates the influence of the modern life of the city and the institutional constraints on the existence and fate of the people in the novel. This article is divided into six chapters: the first chapter is the introduction part, mainly to the novel author, the work and the thesis related literature to carry on the summary as well as to the writing intention, the structure and so on to make the brief summary. The second chapter is the part of the whole paper to explain the theoretical framework in detail, with the help of Zimmer's theory on the city of urban culture on the role of institutional discipline, Urban space for the survival of people and the meaning of the image of the city were demonstrated and explained. The third chapter mainly interprets all kinds of characters appearing in the novel, including the protagonist Holden, his two classmates and two teachers. Through a comparative analysis of the images of his two teachers, Mr. Spencer and Mr. Antolini, it is proved that they are in fact the guardians of an institutionalized society, and that the novel also shapes two other images of teenagers who are as educated as Holden. Two of his classmates, Aclair and Stratedretta, were victims of institutionalized urban life. The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of the urban life scenes in the novel: hotels, bars, museums, cinemas, in the novel, they represent a kind of social, they shape the urban lifestyle and inherent psychological paradigm. The protagonist can wander everywhere in urban space, but he can't get rid of the restriction of this kind of urban culture, because they exist as the carrier of urban culture. The fifth chapter extracts several important urban images in the novel: streets, red hunter hats, ducks in the pool, merry-go-round and so on, and interprets them one by one. The symbolic meaning of these urban images reveals the main purpose of the novel. It is about the future direction of Holden, but also about the choice of life and destiny in modern urban life. The conclusion part is to further refine, summarize and generalize the content of the thesis.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】