从《镜子之家》看三岛由纪夫的虚无主义

发布时间：2018-06-22 20:41

本文选题：镜子之家 + 三岛　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：三岛由纪夫是日本近代文学、尤其是战后文学的代表作家。无论是在日本还是在中国对他的评论都很多。《镜子之家》在三岛的文学世界中占有重要的地位，是三岛由纪夫创作史上的一部重要作品，也是研究三岛的一部不可或缺的作品，但该作品在中国尚未受到足够的重视。本文主要通过对《镜子之家》的研究来探究三岛由纪夫的虚无主义，以此来接近和还原一个更加真实的三岛。并希望能带给对自身存在感到不安的现代人以超越虚无的启示。本文首先通过对《镜子之家》的时代背景-战后的分析，透视战争对三岛由纪夫的虚无主义的影响。其影响主要有两个方面：一是战争时期三岛在幻灭中所体验的生的充实，另一个方面便是战后随着日本经济的不断恢复、原有的价值观的不复存在。战后现实生活的日常性构成了三岛所的虚无。为对抗战后日本社会所滋生的空虚，三岛选择了虚无主义。在分析这一时代背景的基础上，着重阐述与分析《镜子之家》中的四位主人公的虚无主义。即他们如何利用虚无主义来对抗现实生活的日常性所带来的虚无的。深井峻吉通过行动来对抗虚无，这是主动性的虚无主义。然而峻吉的行动只能将他更深地拉入现实生活的日常性中。舟木收用肉体来武装自己，并打算以此来证明自己的存在。但是，肉体存在的时间性，让他只能选择死亡。山形夏雄的感受性让他一直与虚无和平相处，，并从中体味到幸福。但这种平衡很快被外界打破。杉木清一郎则坚信世界即将崩溃，将所有的虚无纳入并消灭在自己的内部。在战后这一时代背景下，他们用自己的方式走上了虚无主义的道路。在上述内容的基础上，本文进一步指出三岛虚无主义的实质，即对现实的拒绝。在考察三岛的其他作品的基础上揭示出虚无主义是贯穿于三岛创作始终的。而《镜子之家》则直接从正面对虚无主义进行了探讨。在与战后日本社会格格不入的镜子之家，主人公开始了他们对战后日常性的反抗。并随着镜子之家的崩溃而不得不进入到现实生活中。同时结合三岛的现实生活，对三岛在《镜子之家》中研究虚无主义的动机进行分析。当时，三岛与杉山结婚，并通过一系列的活动积极地投入到现实生活中，在《镜子之家》中研究虚无主义是对今后作为艺术家如何面对现实生活中的日常性所做出的尝试。即作为艺术家像夏雄那样获得救赎，前往巴西开始新的生活。作为现实生活中的人，则像清一郎那样将一切虚无消灭在自己的内部，从而在现实生活中活下去。而《镜子之家》却遭到了冷落，这对三岛来说，是一个巨大的打击。从上述分析中可以看出，《镜子之家》这部作品对三岛的意义重大。本文在借鉴国内外对三岛由纪夫的研究的基础上，主要通过《镜子之家》这部作品，结合当时的时代背景对三岛由纪夫虚无主义的各个方面进行了分析。希望能为更好地理解三岛由纪夫的文学世界提供参考。
[Abstract]:Yukio Mishima is a representative writer of modern Japanese literature, especially after the postwar literature. Both in Japan and in China, there are many comments on him. The "mirror house" occupies an important position in Mishima's literary world. It is an important work in the history of Yukio Mishima's creation, but also an indispensable work to study Mishima, but it is also an indispensable work to study Mishima. This work has not received enough attention in China. This article mainly explores the nihilism of Mishima and Yukio through the study of the house of the mirror to approach and restore a more true Mishima. And it is hoped that the modern people who are uneasy about their own existence will be able to transcend the apocalypse.
This article first analyzes the influence of war on Yukio Mishima's nihilism through the analysis of the background of the era of "the home of the mirror" and after the post-war analysis. The influence of the war is mainly two aspects: first, the living enrichment experienced in the disillusionment of the three islands during the war period, and the other is the original value outlook with the continuous recovery of the Japanese economy after the war. No longer exists. The daily life of postwar real life constituted Mishima's nihility. Mishima chose nihilism for the emptiness of Japanese society after the war of resistance against Japan.
On the basis of the analysis of the background of this era, the nihilism of the four protagonists in the house of the mirror is emphasized and analyzed. That is, how they use nihilism to combat the nothingness of the daily life of the real life. Fukai Shunyoshi acts against nihilism by action. This is the nihilism of the main movement. It draws him deeper into the daily life of the real life. The boat uses the body to arm himself and intends to prove his existence. But the temporality of the body makes him only choose to die. The sensibility of the mountain Xia Xiong makes him live with nihility and be happy. But this balance is quickly broken by the outside world. Sugiki Shinichiro believed that the world was going to collapse, and put all the nihilism into and out of his own. In the context of the post-war era, they took the way of nihilism in their own way.
On the basis of the above, this article further points out the essence of Mishima's nihilism, that is, the refusal of reality. On the basis of investigating other works of Mishima, nihilism runs through Mishima's creation, while the mirror house is directly from the front of nihilism. It is incompatible with the postwar Japanese Society. In the mirror house, the protagonist began their daily resistance against the war, and had to enter the real life with the collapse of the mirror home.
At the same time, combining with Mishima's real life, Mishima analyses the motive of nihilism in the house of the mirror. At that time, Mishima was married to Shanshan, and was actively engaged in the real life through a series of activities, and the study of nihilism in the house of the mirror was for the future as an artist how to face the daily life of the real life. The attempt to make a redemption as an artist, like Xia Xiong, went to Brazil to start a new life. As a real man, as Shinichi Ro did, he eliminated all the nihilism in his own interior and lived in the real life. And the house of the mirror was left out, which was a great blow to Mishima.
From the above analysis, we can see that "the house of the mirror" is of great significance to Mishima. On the basis of the study of Yukio Mishima at home and abroad, this article analyses the various aspects of Yukio Mishima's nihilism mainly through the works of the house of the mirror and the background of the time of the time. It provides a reference for Yukio Mishima's literary world.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I313.074

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