论V.S.奈保尔《河湾》中的文化恐惧意识

发布时间：2018-06-24 20:44

本文选题：奈保尔 + 文化存在　；参考：《东北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：2001年诺贝尔文学奖获得者维·苏·奈保尔（V.S.Naipaul），被誉为有着“混合文化身份”的后殖民文学的典型代表。他的移民经历、文化身份构成以及文学创作均体现出鲜明的跨文化、混杂性特点。在《河湾》中，奈保尔以冷静而有张力的笔触深入到人物的内心深处，把人的渺小和恐惧表现的丝丝入扣，并且表达出了对以河湾地区为代表的黑非洲世界建立民主、健康的生存方式深深的担忧。通读这部小说，，读者会感觉到强烈的紧迫感和恐惧感，仿佛置身于危险而混乱的环境中。笔者意欲剖析这种恐惧感的表现、来源以及深刻影响。本论文分为三部分：第一部分围绕核心词“恐惧”展开，论述了恐惧的一般含义，恐惧的积极意义和消极意义，探讨了恐惧的对象以及来源。其次，由人的文化身份谈及不同文化群体之间的交流与沟通。分析以第三世界文化为代表的弱势文化群体面对以西方文化为代表的强势文化群体时所产生的文化恐惧。笔者在本章主要提出“文化恐惧感”，并提出消弭文化鸿沟的关键在于发展和宽容。第二部分论述了文化恐惧在作品《河湾》中的具体表现。首先从作家奈保尔的生存轨迹入手，寻找到作家自身的文化恐惧。接下来，回归文本，从细节处着眼，分析作品中人物及意象中所体现出的生存困境，归纳讨论了他们身上所体现出的文化恐惧。最后一部分论述了通过对作家作品的品读而得出的文化之思。迁徙中的人类是行走在文化与文化之间的，如若强势文化持有一种高姿态，向它靠近的弱势文化群体势必会恐惧而自失，并会逐步边缘化。笔者认为，文化恐惧感不利于当今世界高度交流、融汇的大文化形势，从弱势文化群体的恐惧入手，希望可以为第三世界国家的发展提供有益的启示。而对强势文化的宽容性的倡导，亦有利于文化的交流与沟通，也不失为西方中心论陷落后西方文化自救的出路。
[Abstract]:The 2001 Nobel Prize winner, V. S. Naipaul, is regarded as a typical representative of post-colonial literature with a "mixed cultural identity". His immigration experience, cultural identity and literary creation all showed distinct cross-cultural and mixed characteristics. In the Gulf of the River, Naipaul goes deep into the heart of the characters with a calm and tenseful brush, takes the insignificance and fear of human beings to the bottom, and expresses the establishment of democracy for the black African world represented by the Rivers. The healthy way of living is deeply concerned. Reading through the novel, the reader will feel a strong sense of urgency and fear, as if in a dangerous and chaotic environment. I would like to analyze the performance of this fear, the source and profound impact. This thesis is divided into three parts: the first part focuses on the core word "fear", discusses the general meaning of fear, the positive and negative meanings of fear, and discusses the object and source of fear. Secondly, the cultural identity of the people talk about the communication and communication between different cultural groups. This paper analyzes the cultural fears of the weak cultural groups represented by the third world culture in the face of the strong cultural groups represented by the western culture. In this chapter, the author puts forward the "cultural fear", and points out that the key to eliminate the cultural gap lies in development and tolerance. The second part discusses the concrete expression of cultural fear in his works. First of all, from the author Naipaul's survival track, to find the writer's own cultural fear. Then, return to the text, from the details of the analysis of the characters and images reflected in the plight of survival, summed up and discussed their cultural fear. The last part discusses the cultural thinking through the reading of the writer's works. The migrating human beings walk between culture and culture, if strong culture holds a kind of high posture, the vulnerable cultural groups approaching to it will fear and lose themselves, and will gradually marginalize. The author believes that the cultural fear is not conducive to the great cultural situation of high exchange and fusion in the world today. It is hoped that the fear of the disadvantaged cultural groups can provide beneficial enlightenment for the development of the third world countries. The advocacy of tolerance to strong culture is also conducive to cultural exchange and communication, and it is also a way out for Western culture to save itself after the fall of the Western centrism.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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