《黑暗的心》中的流浪与追寻

发布时间：2018-06-25 22:01

本文选题：康拉德 + 《黑暗的心》　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：约瑟夫·康拉德(Joseph Conrad)是英国维多利亚时代和爱德华时代最伟大的小说家,《牛津英国文学史》认为他是20世纪英国八大作家之一,利维斯认为他的作品与简·奥斯汀、乔治·艾略特、亨利·詹姆斯、D·H·劳伦斯的作品一起构成英国小说的伟大传统。他的小说创作深受英国和法国文化、文学的影响,在一种刻意营造的孤独流浪氛围中,创造出“按照诚实的信念和勇敢的本能而生存的人物,”对人性自我和人生价值进行深刻的反思,将自己的流浪追寻意识渗透到小说创作中去。就笔者当前所了解的资料来看,国内对康拉德《黑暗的心》的研究大多集中在对库尔兹形象的解析、对《黑暗的心》母题的研究以及对《黑暗的心》的殖民主义分析,而对其中的叙述主人公马洛的追寻进行分析的仅有数篇：侯璐《精神发现之旅——黑暗的心中马洛的探索》、刘丽娟《马洛的发现——库尔兹和他本身》、毕佳《发现自我的精神之旅——黑暗的心人性的内涵解读》、孙贞《流浪与追寻——康拉德与其小说黑暗的心》、张巍《马洛的寻求——浅析黑暗的中心中马洛的象征意义》、高继海《马洛的“寻觅”与库尔兹的“恐怖”——康拉德黑暗的心主题初探》、何发翠《马洛对库尔兹的追寻》。追寻自古以来就是一种强烈的感情,是人类的一种不可缺少的生命诉求,也是人类文明发展的精神动力。它源于人类对自我生活的种种不满,源于对生老病死的无法回避等。所有这些,都使得人们想要凭借自我的想象构建出理想的境遇,并通过“追寻”来实现其希望。在康拉德的《黑暗的心》中追寻得到了完美的体现。本论文主要侧重于对康拉德《黑暗的心》中的两个流浪追寻者马洛和库尔兹进行全方位的分析,并从中挖掘康拉德创作形成的深层原因。本论文主要分为七章。前言主要分析本论文选题的意义以及国内外康拉德研究的概述。本论文运用了象征主义的分析方法,对《黑暗的心》中的两个主人公马洛和库尔兹从人物形象、追寻过程、象征主义表现等各个方面进行全面的分析,这在文学史上可以说是少见的。第一章是中西有别的追寻,从作者的流浪人生和作品中的流浪情结两个角度对中西文学史上比较著名的流浪追寻作家进行了分析。第二章是康拉德与追寻母题,从康拉德的生活经历以及他所生活的时代两个方面对康拉德作品中所形成的流浪追寻母题进行了分析。第三章是《黑暗的心》中的流浪与追寻者,从所见、所闻、所感等各个方面分别介绍了船上的流浪追寻者——马洛和殖民理想下的流浪追寻者——库尔兹。第四章是《黑暗的心》中马洛对库尔兹的追寻,从具体的行走在路上和有意识的对库尔兹的追寻两个方面来写。其中,对库尔兹的追寻又分为两个部分：马洛心目中理想的库尔兹和殖民理想下兽性的库尔兹。最后,又分析了马洛追寻库尔兹的意义,包括对马洛对自我的反省和对殖民活动的反省。第五章是《黑暗的心》中马洛的追寻的象征主义表现,分别从明与暗的对比、象征意象的描写、原始与文明的对比三个方面来写的。第六章是结论,小说《黑暗的心》是一部有着流浪与追寻双重母题的作品,不论从作家本身、作品内容无不体现流浪汉小说的特点,作品中两个鲜明的流浪追寻者的形象更是很好地印证了这一点。作品中体现的流浪追寻意识又反映了人类对生存状况的质疑和对精神家园追寻。
[Abstract]:Joseph Conrad (Joseph Conrad) is the greatest novelist in the times of Vitoria and Edward. "The history of English literature in Oxford" thought that he was one of the eight British writers in the twentieth Century, and Lewis thought his work together with Jan Austin, George Elliot, Henry James, D. H. His novel creation is deeply influenced by British and French culture and literature. In a deliberately lonely and wandering atmosphere, he created a "character living in accordance with the faith of honesty and the instinct of courage." he thought deeply against the human self and the value of life, and penetrated his wandering consciousness into the creation of a novel. Go on.
According to the author's current information, the domestic study of Conrad's "heart of darkness" is mostly focused on the analysis of Kurtz's image, the study of the dark heart and the motif and the colonialism of the dark heart, and only a few of the analysis of the pursuit of the hero Marlow: Hou Lu's spiritual discovery Brigade - the exploration of Marlowe in the dark heart, Liu Lijuan < the discovery of Marlowe - Kurtz and himself >, Bijia "the spiritual journey of the discovery of self - the connotation of the dark heart of human nature >, Sun Zhen's wandering and pursuit - Conrad and his novels dark heart >, Zhang Wei's quest for Marlowe - an analysis of Marlowe's elephant in the center of the dark Gao Ji Hai "Marlowe's" search "and Kurtz's" terror "- Conrad's dark heart theme:" he's "Kurtz's pursuit.
It has been a strong feeling since ancient times. It is an indispensable appeal of human life and the spiritual motive force of the development of human civilization. It originates from all sorts of human dissatisfaction with self life, from the inability to avoid life and death, all of which make people want to build an ideal situation by their own imagination. And through the "pursuit" to achieve its hope, in Conrad's "heart of darkness" in pursuit of a perfect embodiment.
This thesis mainly focuses on the comprehensive analysis of Conrad's two wanderers in the dark heart, Marlowe and Kurtz, and excavate the deep reasons for the formation of Conrad's creation. This thesis is divided into seven chapters.
The preface mainly analyzes the significance of the topic and the overview of Conrad's research at home and abroad. This thesis uses the analytical method of symbolism to make a comprehensive analysis of the characters, the pursuit process and the symbolism of the two protagonists in the dark heart, Marlow and Kurtz, which can be said in the history of literature. Rare.
The first chapter is the pursuit of Chinese and western. From the two angles of the writer's wandering life and the wandering complex in his works, the author analyses the famous wandering writers in the history of Chinese and Western literature.
The second chapter is Conrad and the pursuit of the theme, from the life experience of Conrad and the age of his life in the two aspects of Conrad's work formed in the wandering pursuit of the theme of the analysis.
The third chapter is the wanderer in the dark heart and the seeker of the wanderers, from what they see, what they hear, and what they feel, respectively, on the tramps of the ship, Marlowe and the tramp pursuer of the colonial ideal, Kurtz.
The fourth chapter is the pursuit of Kurtz by Marlow in the dark heart, from two aspects of the concrete walking on the road and the pursuit of Kurtz by consciousness. Among them, the pursuit of Kurtz is divided into two parts: Marlow's ideal Kurtz and the beastly Kurtz under the colonial ideal. Finally, it also analyzes Marlow's pursuit of kURL. The significance of this includes Marlowe's introspection on himself and Introspection on colonial activities.
The fifth chapter is the symbolism of "the heart of darkness" and the pursuit of Mallo. It is written in three aspects: the comparison of the Ming and the dark, the description of the symbolic image and the contrast between the primitive and the civilization.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion that the novel < dark heart > is a work of vagrancy and pursuit of double motif. No matter from the writer itself, the content of the works embodies the characteristics of the tramps, and the image of the two distinct wanderers is well confirmed. The question of the living condition and the pursuit of the spiritual home.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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