《红字》的生态女性主义阐释

发布时间：2018-07-03 08:11

本文选题：《红字》 + 生态女性主义　；参考：《四川师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳撒尼尔·霍桑(Nathaniel Hawthorne)是美国十九世纪享誉文坛的作家,其著作颇丰,其中《红字》(The Scarlet Letter)是最负盛名的作品之一。自出版以来引起巨大反响,深受评论家和读者的广泛关注,对《红字》的阐释可谓层出不穷,以拓展其内容,丰富其内涵。本文旨在透过生态女性主义观点重审《红字》,以揭示自然统治与女性统治二者之间的关联。作为激进环境主义思潮的一支,生态女性主义批评兴起于二十世纪七十年代前期,成熟于九十年代中期。在此次文学批评转向过程中,重审文学经典成为其重要议题之一,作为美国文学的经典之作《红字》也成为其重审对象之一。通过对文本及其文化背景的深刻全面的探讨,以揭示生态危机产生的深刻思想文化根源,并探寻女性解放与自然解放的可能路径。本论文正文部分由三个章节所构成,其中包括清教主义的反自然维度与男权中心维度,女性角色的生态女性主义阐释以及男性角色的生态女性主义阐释。对十七世纪清教殖民的文化背景分析是有益于我们对文本的重审,本文着力于分析《红字》中的两个女性形象,即海斯特·白兰(Hester Prynne)和珠儿(Pearl)。白兰的玫瑰般、大海般的特性与自然的相似性为我们提供了一种女性与自然共同解放的可能性。珠儿,在文中的“超自然”身份可以被看作是白兰愤怒的具像化身以及人性自然与生态自然的统一的特殊表现。从生态女性文学批评理论出发,可以发现男性也是人类中心主义以及男性中心主义铁蹄下的受害者。罗杰·奇林沃斯(Roger Chillingworth)被看作父权制社会的代表,同时亚瑟·丁梅斯代尔(Arthur Dimmesdale)被塑造成一个真实的人,其行为是人性回归的体现。通过对文学作品的重审以及对当时价值取向的分析来寻找到解放妇女与自然的共同途径,因此人类法与自然法,男人与女人之间的关系需要进行分析,找出他们之间的内在关联,以此,揭示女性统治与自然统治之间的内在联系。
[Abstract]:Nathaniel Hawthorne is a famous American writer in the nineteenth century. Since its publication, it has aroused great response and received extensive attention from critics and readers. The interpretation of the Scarlet letter can be said to be endless in order to expand its content and enrich its connotation. The purpose of this paper is to review the Scarlet letter through the view of ecological feminism in order to reveal the relationship between natural rule and female rule. As a branch of radical environmentalism, eco-feminist criticism rose in the early 1970s and matured in the mid-1990s. In the course of the turn of literary criticism, reviewing literary classics has become one of its important topics, and as a classic of American literature, the Scarlet letter has also become one of the objects of its reexamination. The text and its cultural background are discussed in order to reveal the profound ideological and cultural roots of the ecological crisis and to explore the possible path of female liberation and natural liberation. The main body of this thesis is composed of three chapters, including the anti-natural dimension of puritanism and the centrality of male power, the eco-feminist interpretation of female role and the eco-feminist interpretation of male role. An analysis of the cultural background of the Puritan colonization in the 17th century is beneficial to our reexamination of the text. This paper focuses on the analysis of the two female characters in the Scarlet letter, namely, Hester Prynne and Pearl. The resemblance between nature and nature, like the rose of Prynne, provides us with the possibility of the emancipation of women and nature. Pearl's supernatural identity can be seen as the embodiment of Prynne's anger and the special manifestation of the unity of human nature and ecological nature. From the theory of ecological female literary criticism, it can be found that men are also the victims of anthropocentrism and male-centrism. Roger Chillingworth is regarded as the representative of patriarchal society, while Arthur Dimmesdale is portrayed as a real person whose behavior is the embodiment of the return of human nature. Through the re-examination of literature and the analysis of the value orientation of the time, we can find a common way to liberate women and nature. Therefore, the relationship between human law and natural law, between men and women, needs to be analyzed. Find out the inner relation between them and reveal the inner relation between female and natural rule.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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