传承与颠覆—《了不起的盖茨比》与《地之国》的互文性研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 15:16
【摘要】：菲茨杰拉德试图通过《了不起的盖茨比》描摹更为广泛和深刻意义上的美国梦。这部以梦幻破灭、人生颓败为主题的小说,是美国“迷惘一代”作家的一部带有自我体验性质的文学作品,是“一战’’后美国精神生活的真实写照。约瑟夫·奥尼尔的力作《地之国》也传达了对其两难困境和普世价值的思索。在动荡和困窘中,无时无刻不为生计所苦的移民生活没有使美国梦的精神萎缩,反而过滤得更加细致和纯粹。美国梦,在多元文化融合的纽约,为人们带来的是希望也是失望,是自我塑造的无限可能,也是迷失与幻灭的无底深渊。财富,爱情,荣誉在“梦想”的大框架中一一展现,两部小说中并置的文学元素彻底颠覆了小说本质的含义,而后继作家对传统写作范式的传承也让故事呈现出一种杂而不乱的和谐布局,让读者从中体会并形成自已的认识。国内外评论者们对于两部小说的意义发掘多着重于文学理论框架下的解读,却鲜有对于小说写作范式及文化意义传承的研究。因此,在克里斯蒂娃的互文理论昭示之下,本文重在从历史文化语境的角度,分析文学语言对于意识形态的传承以及颠覆,并从互文性视角入手,从传承,并置与颠覆三个方面来具体阐释两部小说中美国梦的缘起,发展和幻灭,并由此凸显其颠覆意义。 互文性强调文本结构的非确定性,强调任何文本都没有固定的界限,强调任何文本都不可能脱离其他文本而存在---每个文本的意义产生于它跟其他文本的相互作用之中。从文本之网中抽出的语义成分总是超越此文本而指向其他先前文本,这些文本把现在的话语置入与它自身不可分割的意识形态的争夺中,从而勾连起更大的社会文本。从人物塑造与作者生平的微妙关联,到象征意象对故事情节的推波助澜,从两部作品时空变换的叙事格局到两位作家殊途同归的敏锐感知,从秉承传统的叙事风格,到追寻意义的不断颠覆与重构,在能指的喧嚣与意义的开合未定中,小说家们不断将意义所指引申、交叠,透析出深刻的思想内涵与人文关照。在克里斯蒂娃的理论指引下,并置将两个或更多的文学元素放在一起,对读者产生特殊的影响,它将两个看似不一致的成分呈现在主题中,相互作用,相互平衡。与此同时,在多重语境铺设之下所凸显的颠覆意义也印证了小说本身以及它与先前文本的互文勾连。
[Abstract]:Fitzgerald attempts to portray the American dream in a broader and deeper sense through the Great Gatsby. This novel, with the theme of dream disillusionment and life decay, is a self-experiential literary work of American "lost Generation" writers, and a true portrayal of American spiritual life after "World War I". Joseph O'Neill 's masterpiece, the Land of Earth, also conveys a reflection on his dilemma and universal values. In the midst of turmoil and embarrassment, the life of immigrants all the time, suffering from their livelihood, did not shrink the spirit of the American dream, but filtered more carefully and purely. The American dream, in the multicultural New York, brings us hope and disappointment, the infinite possibility of self-shaping, and the abyss of lost and disillusionment. Wealth, love and honor are shown in the great framework of "Dream". The literary elements in the two novels completely subvert the meaning of the essence of the novel. The inheritance of the traditional writing paradigm by the subsequent writers also makes the story present a mixed and uncluttered harmonious layout from which readers can understand and form their own understanding. Critics at home and abroad focus on the interpretation of the meaning of the two novels under the framework of literary theory, but there is little research on the paradigm of novel writing and the inheritance of cultural significance. Therefore, under the guidance of Christina's intertextuality theory, this paper focuses on analyzing the ideological inheritance and subversion of literary language from the perspective of historical and cultural context, and starting from the perspective of intertextuality, from the perspective of inheritance. This paper expounds the origin, development and disillusionment of the American dream in the two novels from the three aspects of juxtaposition and subversion, and thus highlights its subversive significance. Intertextuality emphasizes the non-determinacy of text structure, emphasizes that no text has a fixed boundary, and emphasizes that no text can exist without other texts-the meaning of each text arises from its interaction with other texts. The semantic elements extracted from the web of texts always transcend the text and point to other previous texts, which put the present discourse into the struggle for its own inseparable ideology, thus connecting the larger social texts. From the subtle connection between the character shaping and the author's life, to the symbolic image's contribution to the story plot, from the narrative pattern of the two works' space-time transformation to the keen perception of the two writers' different ways, and from inheriting the traditional narrative style, In pursuit of the unceasing subversion and reconstruction of meaning, in the midst of the noise of signifier and the opening and closing of meaning, novelists constantly extend and overlap the meaning of meaning, and analyze the profound ideological connotation and humanistic concern. Under the guidance of Kristeva's theory, two or more literary elements are placed together, which has a special influence on the reader. It presents two seemingly inconsistent elements in the theme, interacts and balances each other. At the same time, the subversive significance laid in the multi-context also confirms the novel itself and its intertextuality with previous texts.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I106.4
本文编号：2119847
[Abstract]:Fitzgerald attempts to portray the American dream in a broader and deeper sense through the Great Gatsby. This novel, with the theme of dream disillusionment and life decay, is a self-experiential literary work of American "lost Generation" writers, and a true portrayal of American spiritual life after "World War I". Joseph O'Neill 's masterpiece, the Land of Earth, also conveys a reflection on his dilemma and universal values. In the midst of turmoil and embarrassment, the life of immigrants all the time, suffering from their livelihood, did not shrink the spirit of the American dream, but filtered more carefully and purely. The American dream, in the multicultural New York, brings us hope and disappointment, the infinite possibility of self-shaping, and the abyss of lost and disillusionment. Wealth, love and honor are shown in the great framework of "Dream". The literary elements in the two novels completely subvert the meaning of the essence of the novel. The inheritance of the traditional writing paradigm by the subsequent writers also makes the story present a mixed and uncluttered harmonious layout from which readers can understand and form their own understanding. Critics at home and abroad focus on the interpretation of the meaning of the two novels under the framework of literary theory, but there is little research on the paradigm of novel writing and the inheritance of cultural significance. Therefore, under the guidance of Christina's intertextuality theory, this paper focuses on analyzing the ideological inheritance and subversion of literary language from the perspective of historical and cultural context, and starting from the perspective of intertextuality, from the perspective of inheritance. This paper expounds the origin, development and disillusionment of the American dream in the two novels from the three aspects of juxtaposition and subversion, and thus highlights its subversive significance. Intertextuality emphasizes the non-determinacy of text structure, emphasizes that no text has a fixed boundary, and emphasizes that no text can exist without other texts-the meaning of each text arises from its interaction with other texts. The semantic elements extracted from the web of texts always transcend the text and point to other previous texts, which put the present discourse into the struggle for its own inseparable ideology, thus connecting the larger social texts. From the subtle connection between the character shaping and the author's life, to the symbolic image's contribution to the story plot, from the narrative pattern of the two works' space-time transformation to the keen perception of the two writers' different ways, and from inheriting the traditional narrative style, In pursuit of the unceasing subversion and reconstruction of meaning, in the midst of the noise of signifier and the opening and closing of meaning, novelists constantly extend and overlap the meaning of meaning, and analyze the profound ideological connotation and humanistic concern. Under the guidance of Kristeva's theory, two or more literary elements are placed together, which has a special influence on the reader. It presents two seemingly inconsistent elements in the theme, interacts and balances each other. At the same time, the subversive significance laid in the multi-context also confirms the novel itself and its intertextuality with previous texts.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I106.4
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