浅析《恶之花》中女人、死亡和城市意象的契合
发布时间：2018-07-14 15:38
【摘要】：夏尔·波德莱尔是法国十九世纪最著名的现代派诗人，象征派诗歌先驱。他的代表作诗集《恶之花》发表与1857年，这部惊世骇俗之作一问世，便掀起了轩然大波。甚至以“有碍道德风化”等罪名受到法庭的处罚。 在这部诗集中，波德莱尔描写了穷苦人、老人、妓女、吸血鬼、死尸等这些毫无诗意，甚至是庸俗、病态的主题。这些诡异而丑陋的形象是从未出现在与他同代的其他诗人的诗歌当中的。然而波德莱尔之所以执着于描写这赤裸裸的丑恶，是要从中挖掘出特殊的美。因此，有非常多的专家和学者从事研究波德莱尔诗歌中的意象，如：死亡、女人、太阳、猫、骷髅等等。通过研究我们可以发现，《恶之花》中的这些意象并不是独立存在的，在女人、死亡和城市意象之间，存在这一种统一和契合，它们是相辅相成的。因此，本文将通过四个章节来分析《恶之花》中女人、死亡和城市意象的契合。 第一章节中，笔者主要分析的是《恶之花》之中的女人意象，在这部作品中，波德莱尔对女人意象的描写是十分矛盾的，他爱慕女性的美妙、又鄙视和斥责女人的放荡卑贱，同时他又表现出对异域女人的神秘风情的向往和迷恋。 第二章中，将通过对诗人走过的充满矛盾，交织着失望和希望，悲观而又不气馁的人生之路，对诗歌中的死亡意象进行分析。诗人对死亡的推崇和歌颂，也是他对热烈生活的渴望。他把死亡当做是生命的解放，以死亡作武器来讽刺当时社会的丑恶不堪。 第三章中，将通过讲述波德莱尔生活的时代，以及他童年的生活对他人生的影响，来分析诗歌中的城市意象。他憎恶资本主义的灯红酒绿、笙歌燕舞，而底层人民却饱受摧残、生活艰辛。他讽刺城市毫无人情味的改建，描写横陈街头的腐尸。然而，巴黎对于波德莱尔来说是一种复杂的存在，是他的故乡、是他所有童年的回忆，更是令他迷恋、令他可以尽情享受欢愉的天堂。 第四章中，通过前三个章节对女人、死亡、城市意象的分析，来总结这三个意象在这部诗集中的契合。这一章中，将通过两个方面来阐述。第一方面是波德莱尔在描写这三个意象时，所用语言的契合。在一首诗当中，诗人往往用女人和死亡的意象来表现城市意象，把三个意象合为一体，相辅相成。第二方面是波德莱尔对这三个意象的感情的契合。通过前面的分析我们会发现，波德莱尔对这三个意象呈现出的是又爱又恨、既歌颂又鄙弃的矛盾情感。正如诗集的题目一样，他要从恶中发掘美，发掘出一朵在丑恶中盛开的奇异之花。 法国作家雨果曾热情的称赞这部诗集是“灼热闪耀，犹如众星”。《恶之花》以其独特的视角和审丑美学，，为法国十九世纪的诗歌增加了一抹亮色。在这部诗集中，充满的是诗人对劳苦大众、底层人民的怜悯和同情，对资本主义的抨击，怀才不遇的感慨和对理想生活的渴望和向往。笔者希望通过对《恶之花》中这三个意象的契合的分析，来阐述这部诗集作为一个整体的浑然天成和精巧构思，使我们能更好地了解这部作品。
[Abstract]:Charles Baudelaire, the most famous modernist poet in France in nineteenth Century, was the pioneer of the symbolist poetry. His representative book, the anthology of the evil flower, was published and 1857. This astonishing work came out and started a great wave. Even the crimes such as "hindrance to moral Weathering" were punished by the court.
In this poem, Baudelaire describes the poor, the old, the prostitute, the vampire, the dead body, and so on, and even the vulgar, morbid theme. These strange and ugly images are never in the poems of other poets of his own generation. But Baudelaire is persistent in describing the naked ugly. There are a lot of experts and scholars engaged in the study of images in Baudelaire's poetry, such as death, women, the sun, the cat, the skeleton and so on. Through the study, we can find that the images in the flower of evil are not independent, and there is this unity between women, death and city images. They are complementary to each other. Therefore, this article will analyze the conjunction of women in the flower of evil, death and city image in four chapters.
In the first chapter, the author mainly analyzes the image of the woman in the flower of evil. In this work, Baudelaire's description of women is very contradictory. He admired the beauty of women and despises and reprimand women's dissolute humbleness. At the same time, he also displays the yearning and infatuation of the mysterious customs of a foreign woman.
In the second chapter, we will analyze the image of death in poetry through the contradictions, disappointments and hopes, pessimistic and disheartened ways of life. The poet's admiration for and praise of death is his desire for a warm life. He regards death as the liberation of life and his death as a weapon to satirize the society at that time. The ugliness is unbearable.
In the third chapter, through the narration of the times of Baudelaire's life and the influence of his childhood on his life, he will analyze the image of the city in the poetry. He abhors the ravage of capitalism and the dance of the swallow, while the bottom people are torn and hardships. He satirize the city's unmanned reconstruction and depict the rotten corpses of the streets. However, Paris is a complex existence for Baudelaire, his hometown, the memory of all his childhood, and the love of him, so that he can enjoy a happy paradise.
In the fourth chapter, through the first three chapters of the analysis of women, death, and the image of the city, this chapter sums up the combination of the three images in this poem. In this chapter, it will be expounded in two aspects. The first is the combination of the language when Baudelaire describes the three images. In a poem, the poet often uses women and death in the poem. The image shows the city image, combining the three images together and complementing each other. The second aspect is Baudelaire's attachment to the feelings of the three images. Through the previous analysis, we will find that Baudelaire presents both the love and hate, the ode to the disdain and the disdain of the three images. Discover beauty in evil, and discover a strange flower blooming in ugliness.
The French writer, Hugo, once enthusiastically praised the poem as "burning and shining, like a star". "The flower of evil" added to the nineteenth Century poetry of France with its unique perspective and the aesthetic of ugliness. The poem is full of poets' pity and sympathy for the masses, the people of the bottom, and the attack on capitalism. I hope that through the analysis of the three images of the "evil flower", the author hopes to make a better understanding of this work through the analysis of the combination of the three images of the "evil flower".
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I565.072
本文编号：2122116
[Abstract]:Charles Baudelaire, the most famous modernist poet in France in nineteenth Century, was the pioneer of the symbolist poetry. His representative book, the anthology of the evil flower, was published and 1857. This astonishing work came out and started a great wave. Even the crimes such as "hindrance to moral Weathering" were punished by the court.
In this poem, Baudelaire describes the poor, the old, the prostitute, the vampire, the dead body, and so on, and even the vulgar, morbid theme. These strange and ugly images are never in the poems of other poets of his own generation. But Baudelaire is persistent in describing the naked ugly. There are a lot of experts and scholars engaged in the study of images in Baudelaire's poetry, such as death, women, the sun, the cat, the skeleton and so on. Through the study, we can find that the images in the flower of evil are not independent, and there is this unity between women, death and city images. They are complementary to each other. Therefore, this article will analyze the conjunction of women in the flower of evil, death and city image in four chapters.
In the first chapter, the author mainly analyzes the image of the woman in the flower of evil. In this work, Baudelaire's description of women is very contradictory. He admired the beauty of women and despises and reprimand women's dissolute humbleness. At the same time, he also displays the yearning and infatuation of the mysterious customs of a foreign woman.
In the second chapter, we will analyze the image of death in poetry through the contradictions, disappointments and hopes, pessimistic and disheartened ways of life. The poet's admiration for and praise of death is his desire for a warm life. He regards death as the liberation of life and his death as a weapon to satirize the society at that time. The ugliness is unbearable.
In the third chapter, through the narration of the times of Baudelaire's life and the influence of his childhood on his life, he will analyze the image of the city in the poetry. He abhors the ravage of capitalism and the dance of the swallow, while the bottom people are torn and hardships. He satirize the city's unmanned reconstruction and depict the rotten corpses of the streets. However, Paris is a complex existence for Baudelaire, his hometown, the memory of all his childhood, and the love of him, so that he can enjoy a happy paradise.
In the fourth chapter, through the first three chapters of the analysis of women, death, and the image of the city, this chapter sums up the combination of the three images in this poem. In this chapter, it will be expounded in two aspects. The first is the combination of the language when Baudelaire describes the three images. In a poem, the poet often uses women and death in the poem. The image shows the city image, combining the three images together and complementing each other. The second aspect is Baudelaire's attachment to the feelings of the three images. Through the previous analysis, we will find that Baudelaire presents both the love and hate, the ode to the disdain and the disdain of the three images. Discover beauty in evil, and discover a strange flower blooming in ugliness.
The French writer, Hugo, once enthusiastically praised the poem as "burning and shining, like a star". "The flower of evil" added to the nineteenth Century poetry of France with its unique perspective and the aesthetic of ugliness. The poem is full of poets' pity and sympathy for the masses, the people of the bottom, and the attack on capitalism. I hope that through the analysis of the three images of the "evil flower", the author hopes to make a better understanding of this work through the analysis of the combination of the three images of the "evil flower".
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I565.072
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本文编号：2122116
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