拜伦与该隐传统
发布时间：2018-07-21 19:21
【摘要】：该隐是西方文学传统里面的一个经典形象。从该隐在《圣经》中首次现身,他就成为西方文学界的一个热门争议话题。该隐和亚伯的故事多次出现在后世作家的作品里面,这些作家或改编或引用。在这些作家的作品里面,该隐也不是以固定不变的形象出现,因此所形成的该隐传统也有所不同。大的范围来说,在该隐传统的发展过程中,有三种主要的传统,即恶魔该隐,公民该隐以及作为神圣执行者的该隐。每一次该隐出现在作家作品的时候都会引起争议,特别是拜伦诗剧《该隐》的发表。拜伦的该隐因其大大不同于以往的传统而遭到争议以及各方的攻击。其实拜伦的该隐属于新生的该隐,他对于该隐传统的发展起着承上启下的作用。在拜伦的《该隐》中,既有对传统的继承,也有自己的创新发展。 邪恶该隐传统来自《圣经》。《圣经》中的该隐被描述为人类历史上第一个杀人犯,他因为嫉妒杀死了自己的弟弟亚伯,因此被上帝诅咒,永生永世过着流放的生活。自此以后,该隐就被打上了罪与恶的印记。《圣经》因其经典性以及影响范围深远,该隐的邪恶形象也被人接受,由此形成了邪恶的该隐传统。在阐释该隐传统的时候,古犹太神秘主义哲学家斐洛引入了“公民”的概念,在斐洛看来,上帝和他所创造的生物,包括人类之间存在着一种关系,即所有上帝创造的生物对他来说都属于陌生人寄居者,对于上帝来说他们都属于“公民’的范畴。该隐亚伯之所以冲突是因为思想的二元论,该隐以自我为中心,而亚伯以上帝为中心。这是“公民”思想的自由。这种传统对于基督教所统治的时代有着深远的影响,它被用来划分基督徒以及异教徒。 拜伦在吸收前人传统的基础上创造了一个全新的该隐。在他的诗剧《该隐》中,他把该隐描述为一个敢于反抗上帝暴政的年轻人类形象。这大大颠覆了普遍被大家接受的邪恶该隐传统,因此拜伦《该隐》的发表遭到了各方的攻击,尤其是教会。教会认定拜伦为反基督的恶魔。拜伦与该隐这个人物其实有很多的相同点,比如,他们都被认为是“恶魔”,还有他们有相同的命运。经历的相同使拜伦对于该隐这个人物产生了同情,并多次在作品中提到该隐,除了诗剧《该隐》以该隐为主角,其他的如曼弗雷德,恰尔德·哈罗德的身上都有该隐的影子。这些共同组成了拜伦新生的该隐传统。 和之前的该隐传统相比,拜伦明显的做出了许多创新。拜伦非常有创意的把卢西弗加入到自己的改编中,这是之前的该隐传统所没有的。拜伦把卢西弗描述为该隐的灵魂伴侣,既是创新,也是非常有必要的。另外重述被之前该隐传统所忽略的女性阿达也是拜伦《该隐》的一个亮点。平凡的女性阿达和“博爱”的上帝形成了鲜明的对比,从而使我们更加接受拜伦所塑造的反叛该隐。实际上拜伦在某种程度上继承了斐洛的“公民”概念。我们可以把拜伦的亚伯和该隐看作上帝眼中的“公民”,他们价值取向以及争吵都是“公民”的特质。但拜伦的该隐不仅仅是斐洛的“公民”范畴,他在斐洛“公民”概念的基础上做了质的超越。由于该隐在杀戮事件中所处的环境以及他拒绝接受宽恕等,他更接近于一位神圣执行者。这种拜伦式的该隐也被后世作家所继承,该隐作为神圣执行者的传统也逐渐被大众所接受。除此之外,拜伦的《该隐》由于其对大众普遍接受的基督教邪恶该隐的反叛,在一定程度上也冲击了基督教思想对西方人民的禁锢。拜伦以及其在《该隐》中形成的特别的上帝观和恶魔观极大的讽刺了教会,教士以及基督徒。 本文追溯传统的该隐,即邪恶该隐及公民该隐,以及分析拜伦诗剧中新生的该隐,从拜伦该隐与传统该隐的对比中探索拜伦该隐的继承,创新以及超越贡献。
[Abstract]:Cain is a classic in the western literary tradition. Since Cain's first appearance in the Bible, he has become a hot topic in the western literary world. Cain and Abel's stories appear many times in the works of later writers, and these writers are adapted or quoted. In these writers' works, Cain is not fixed. There are three main traditions in the process of Cain's traditional development, namely, demon Cain, Cain, and Cain as a sacred executor. Every Cain appears in controversy when it appears in a writer's work, especially in Byron's poetry. Cain's publication. Cain Byron's Cain has been disputed and attacked by all sides because of its vastly different tradition. In fact, Cain Byron's Cain belongs to the new Cain, and he plays an important role in the development of Cain's tradition. In Byron's < Cain >, there are both the successes to the tradition and the innovation and development of the Cain.
Cain's tradition of the evil Cain comes from the Bible >. Cain is described as the first murderer in human history. He killed his brother Abel because of jealousy. He was cursed by God and lived a life of exile forever. Since then, Cain has been printed on the mark of sin and evil. In the interpretation of Cain's tradition, the ancient Jewish mystic philosopher Philo introduced the concept of "citizen". In the view of Philo, there was a relationship between God and the creatures he created, including human beings, that is, all the creatures created by God to him. They all belong to strangers. For God, they all belong to the category of "citizen". Cain Abe conflicts because of the dualism of thought, Cain centered on himself, and Abe centered on God. This is the freedom of "citizen" thought. This tradition has a profound influence on the era of Christianity. It is used to divide Christians and pagans.
Byron created a new Cain on the basis of absorbing the traditions of his predecessors. In his poetic drama, Cain, he described Cain as a young man who dared to resist the tyranny of God. This overturned the generally accepted evil Cain tradition. So Byron < Cain > was attacked by all parties, especially teaching. The church identified Byron as a demon of antichrist. Byron and Cain had a lot of similarities. For example, they were all considered "demons" and they had the same fate. The same experience made Byron sympathize with Cain, and he mentioned Cain in his works many times, except Cain < Cain > Cain. Other protagonists such as Manfred and Chald Harold have Cain's shadow. These together constitute the new Cain tradition of Byron.
Compared with the previous Cain tradition, Byron clearly made a lot of innovation. Byron was very creative to add lucitt to his adaptation, which was not in the previous Cain tradition. Byron described Lusif as a soul mate of Cain, both innovative and necessary. And retelling the previous Cain tradition. The slight female ADA is also a bright spot in Byron < Cain >. The ordinary female ADA and the God of "love" form a sharp contrast, which makes us more accepted by Byron to rebel Cain. In fact Byron, to some extent, inherits the concept of Philo's "citizen". We can think of Byron's Abel and Cain. The "citizen" in the eyes of God, their value orientation and quarrels are all "citizen" traits. But Byron Cain is not only a category of Philo's "citizen", but a qualitative Transcendence on the basis of the concept of Philo's "citizen". This Byron Cain is also inherited by later writers, and Cain's tradition of being a sacred executor is gradually accepted by the masses. In addition, Byron's rebellion of Christian evil, which is generally accepted by the masses, has also to a certain extent impacted the confinement of Christian thought to the western people. Byron and his special view of God and evil in the Cain greatly satirize churches, priests and Christians.
This article traces back to the traditional Cain, the evil Cain and the Cain, and the analysis of the new Cain in Byron's poetry and play, and explores the inheritance, innovation and transcendental contribution of Byron Cain from the contrast of Byron Cain with the traditional Cain.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.073
本文编号：2136589
[Abstract]:Cain is a classic in the western literary tradition. Since Cain's first appearance in the Bible, he has become a hot topic in the western literary world. Cain and Abel's stories appear many times in the works of later writers, and these writers are adapted or quoted. In these writers' works, Cain is not fixed. There are three main traditions in the process of Cain's traditional development, namely, demon Cain, Cain, and Cain as a sacred executor. Every Cain appears in controversy when it appears in a writer's work, especially in Byron's poetry. Cain's publication. Cain Byron's Cain has been disputed and attacked by all sides because of its vastly different tradition. In fact, Cain Byron's Cain belongs to the new Cain, and he plays an important role in the development of Cain's tradition. In Byron's < Cain >, there are both the successes to the tradition and the innovation and development of the Cain.
Cain's tradition of the evil Cain comes from the Bible >. Cain is described as the first murderer in human history. He killed his brother Abel because of jealousy. He was cursed by God and lived a life of exile forever. Since then, Cain has been printed on the mark of sin and evil. In the interpretation of Cain's tradition, the ancient Jewish mystic philosopher Philo introduced the concept of "citizen". In the view of Philo, there was a relationship between God and the creatures he created, including human beings, that is, all the creatures created by God to him. They all belong to strangers. For God, they all belong to the category of "citizen". Cain Abe conflicts because of the dualism of thought, Cain centered on himself, and Abe centered on God. This is the freedom of "citizen" thought. This tradition has a profound influence on the era of Christianity. It is used to divide Christians and pagans.
Byron created a new Cain on the basis of absorbing the traditions of his predecessors. In his poetic drama, Cain, he described Cain as a young man who dared to resist the tyranny of God. This overturned the generally accepted evil Cain tradition. So Byron < Cain > was attacked by all parties, especially teaching. The church identified Byron as a demon of antichrist. Byron and Cain had a lot of similarities. For example, they were all considered "demons" and they had the same fate. The same experience made Byron sympathize with Cain, and he mentioned Cain in his works many times, except Cain < Cain > Cain. Other protagonists such as Manfred and Chald Harold have Cain's shadow. These together constitute the new Cain tradition of Byron.
Compared with the previous Cain tradition, Byron clearly made a lot of innovation. Byron was very creative to add lucitt to his adaptation, which was not in the previous Cain tradition. Byron described Lusif as a soul mate of Cain, both innovative and necessary. And retelling the previous Cain tradition. The slight female ADA is also a bright spot in Byron < Cain >. The ordinary female ADA and the God of "love" form a sharp contrast, which makes us more accepted by Byron to rebel Cain. In fact Byron, to some extent, inherits the concept of Philo's "citizen". We can think of Byron's Abel and Cain. The "citizen" in the eyes of God, their value orientation and quarrels are all "citizen" traits. But Byron Cain is not only a category of Philo's "citizen", but a qualitative Transcendence on the basis of the concept of Philo's "citizen". This Byron Cain is also inherited by later writers, and Cain's tradition of being a sacred executor is gradually accepted by the masses. In addition, Byron's rebellion of Christian evil, which is generally accepted by the masses, has also to a certain extent impacted the confinement of Christian thought to the western people. Byron and his special view of God and evil in the Cain greatly satirize churches, priests and Christians.
This article traces back to the traditional Cain, the evil Cain and the Cain, and the analysis of the new Cain in Byron's poetry and play, and explores the inheritance, innovation and transcendental contribution of Byron Cain from the contrast of Byron Cain with the traditional Cain.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.073
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