从精神分析角度解读《坟墓的闯入者》

发布时间：2018-07-29 07:49

【摘要】：威廉·福克纳是20世纪美国著名的小说家之一。在他的作品中有很多南方黑人的形象,体现了作者对美国南方种族主义的关注。《坟墓的闯入者》是福克纳创作生涯后期的一部著名的作品。这部小说深刻体现了福克纳的种族观念,成为表达福克纳种族主义的一部重要著作。本文试运用弗洛伊德的精神分析理论,从人格方面层层剖析《坟墓的闯入者》的重要人物黑人路克斯,白人契克,以及契克的律师叔叔加文的性格、心理活动等,展现了这三个人物走向成熟的心理过程,同时也表达了这三个人种族观念的转变。第一章简要概括了弗洛伊德精神分析学的人格理论,该理论的形成和发展过程,以及本我、自我和超我的定义,同时指出佛洛依德理论对文学的影响。第二、三、四章分别详细论述了黑人路克斯、白人契克和律师加文的人格,详细分析了三个人对黑人路克斯谋杀一案的观点,以及各自的心理活动。从而展现了三个人逐渐成熟的种族观念。通过对小说人物的详细分析,本文认为福克纳笔下的人物不可能摆脱种族观念的影响,种族主义早已深入人心,每个人都戴着有色眼镜去看待黑人。而这部小说的作者福克纳,受文化、社会、历史等因素的影响,种族观念先入为主,虽然他的种族观日益成熟,但仍有本身的局限性,同时也可以看出种族主义无处不在。
[Abstract]:William Faulkner is one of the famous American novelists in the 20 th century. There are many images of Southern blacks in his works, reflecting the author's concern about racism in the South. "the intruder of the grave" is a famous work of Faulkner's late writing career. This novel embodies Faulkner's concept of race and becomes an important work of expressing Faulkner's racism. This paper tries to use Freud's psychoanalytic theory to analyze the character and psychological activities of Black Lux, White Chick, and Uncle Gavin, his lawyer Uncle Gavin, from the perspective of personality. It shows the psychological process of the three characters to mature, but also expresses the change of the racial concept of these three people. The first chapter briefly summarizes Freud's personality theory of psychoanalysis, the formation and development of the theory, the definition of ego, ego and superego, and points out the influence of Freud's theory on literature. In the second, third and fourth chapters, the characters of Negro Lux, White Chuck and lawyer Gavin are discussed in detail, and their views on the murder of Negro Lux and their psychological activities are analyzed in detail. Thus showing the three people gradually mature racial concept. Through the detailed analysis of the characters of the novel, this paper holds that the characters in Faulkner's works can not get rid of the influence of the concept of race, and that racism has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and that everyone is looking at blacks with colored glasses. The author of this novel, Faulkner, is influenced by culture, society, history and other factors. Although his racial concept is becoming more mature, he still has its own limitations, and can also see that racism is everywhere.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【共引文献】