论《纽约三部曲》对传统侦探小说的颠覆
发布时间：2018-07-29 20:52
【摘要】：众所周知，作为最流行的文学分支，侦探小说深受侦探及大众的喜爱。然而，传统的侦探小说却被近年来文学界冉起的新星保罗·奥斯特所彻底颠覆。保罗·奥斯特(Paul Auster)是美国当代最受瞩目和最勇于创新的小说家之一，集小说家、剧作家、诗人、电影导演、译者等多重身份于一身。目前，奥斯特著有十八部小说，三部回忆录，一部诗选，一部评论集和四部电影剧本。其玄学侦探小说《纽约三部曲》是倍受国际赞誉的经典代表作，是一本混合着各种元素的非同凡响的小说集，由《玻璃城》、《鬼魂》和《幽室》构成。在这本玄学侦探小说集中，三个独特的故事结合成一本充满惊奇趣味又令人深思的玄学侦探小说，带领读者体验探索自我和生存意义的冒险之旅。 在奥斯特声名鹊起的同时，他的《纽约三部曲》受到了人们的广泛关注，并从后现代主义、解构主义、黑暗中的自我追寻等方面进行了阐释。在这个领域中阅读并搜集了许多相关资料以后,笔者发现《纽约三部曲》中对传统侦探小说的颠覆主题是一个值得研究的方向，因为这部小说中无时无刻不充斥着对迷失的当代美国人和荒谬、不确定的社会现实的描写。从叙事主题，叙事结构和语言方面对文本颠覆主题的分析，可以帮助我们更加透彻的理解小说的深度内涵及作者的创作思路。在《纽约三部曲》这一值得探索的文章中，不但采用了后现代主义文学中的一些技巧，还揉和了玄学等哲学思想，去形成颠覆传统的反侦探叙事风格。文中所蕴涵的独特的玄学风格以及对自我和生存意义的探索都赋予了传统侦探小说甚至当代美国文学作品一种罕有的哲学深度。有鉴于此，本论文将选取玄学侦探小说的特色作为切入点，采取分析语言、身份、叙事结构的脉络框架，对小说中的“颠覆”主题加以解读，从而进一步探讨当今人的内心的矛盾和外界社会的混乱。 本文由导论，正文和结论三部分组成，主要内容如下： 导论部分主要是对本论文理论结构的简要介绍，以及奥斯特的创作历程和作品的概括性的文学综述。通过对该小说的研究现状进行梳理，指出了本论文的研究目的及该小说在工业化社会进程中蕴藏的现实意义。 第二部分是正文，由四章组成： 第一章简要介绍了传统侦探小说和玄学侦探小说的一些原则和特色。在具体论述《纽约三部曲》对传统侦探小说的颠覆前，本论文从玄学角度开始分析此小说。第一部分简要阐述了传统侦探小说的定义、主要原则、破案遵循的逻辑程序；第二部分介绍了玄学侦探小说的定义、特色，并加入了其与传统侦探小说的总体比较，以此为以下三章提供有力的现实背景和理论支撑。 第二章研究了《纽约三部曲》从主题方面对传统侦探小说的颠覆，阐述了当人类面对当前荒谬、无意义的世界时产生的迷失以及无声的反抗。本章分为三部分：第一部分介绍小说主人公模糊的自我身份和对其真正身份的追寻；第二部分分别阐述了三个侦探故事中的“自我”与“他人”的关系，揭示主人公试图从其他人的注视中追寻自我的过程；而第三部分则论述了叙事角度的转换。就某种意义而言，此章正是奥斯特对自己身份和处境的解读。 第三章主要分析了此小说从叙事结构方面对传统侦探小说的颠覆。第一部分阐述了该小说采用独特的时空框架颠覆了传统侦探小说中罪案的时空顺序；第二部分展示了这三个玄学侦探故事中的故事套盒技法，如小说中插入的艾伦·坡的侦探理论、霍桑的小说中的“威克菲尔德”，及梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》；在第三部分，，传统侦探小说中的因果关系和“圆满”被《纽约三部曲》中的开放式结局所颠覆,这不仅造成了读者的迷茫和挫败感，也迫使读者进一步思考人类生存的意义。 第四章主要致力于研究《纽约三部曲》从语言方面对传统侦探小说的颠覆。第一部分简述了侦探小说中语言功能的转换，并进一步指出人类在运用语言解码这个世界时的无能为力以及语言对文学创作过程的阻碍；第二部分不但分析了语言能指和所指的不确定性和不充分性，而且解析了奥斯特对名人轶事的戏仿，在此基础上形成对传统侦探小说中语言的劝诫说教作用的颠覆。 结论部分主要对前面的论述进行总结，并点出本论文的创作目的。同时,通过对《纽约三部曲》中颠覆主题的研究，给予该作品适当评价。总之，读者不难看到在这个堕落、混乱的世界人类进行的痛苦却不懈的探索。该作品不但突出了时代精神和当代美国人为理解生活、理解自我而上下求索的精神历程，更为读者留下自由思考的空间。同时，奥斯特对传统侦探小说的颠覆实验也为后世侦探小说的写作提供了崭新的蓝本。
[Abstract]:As is known to all, as the most popular branch of literature, detective stories are deeply loved by detectives and the masses. However, the traditional detective stories have been completely subverted by the new star Paul Oster in recent years. Paul Oster (Paul Auster) is one of the most prominent and innovative novelists in the United States, a novelist and a drama. The author, the poet, the film director, the translator and other multiple identities. At present, ooter has eighteen novels, three memoirs, a poets, a review and four screenplays. His metaphysical detective novel, the New York trilogy is a classic masterpiece of international praise, and is an uncommon collection of various elements. In this metaphysical detective novel, three unique stories are combined into a mysterious and thought-provoking mystery detective story, which leads the reader to experience the adventurous journey of exploring self and the meaning of survival.
At the same time as Aust's fame, his "New York Trilogy" has been widely paid attention to and explained from postmodernism, deconstruction, and self pursuit in the dark. After reading and collecting a lot of relevant information in this field, I found the subversion of the traditional detective novels in the "New York Trilogy". The topic is a worthwhile direction, because the novel is full of the description of the lost contemporary American and the absurd and uncertain social reality. The analysis of the subversion of the text from the narrative theme, the narrative structure and the language can help us to understand the depth of the novel and the author's creation. In this article, the New York trilogy, which is worth exploring, not only adopts some techniques in postmodernist literature, but also combines philosophical ideas such as metaphysics to form an anti detective narrative style that subverts the tradition. The unique metaphysical style contained in the article and the exploration of the meaning of self and survival have endowed the traditional detective. The novel is even a rare philosophical depth of contemporary American literary works. In view of this, this thesis will select the characteristics of metaphysics detective novels as a breakthrough point, take the framework of language, identity, narrative structure, interpret the theme of "subversion" in the novel, and further explore the inner contradictions and external societies of the present. The confusion of the meeting.
This paper consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion.
The introduction is a brief introduction to the theoretical structure of this paper, as well as the literary history of Oster's creation and the general literature review of the works. By combing the current research status of the novel, the purpose of the study and the practical significance of the novel in the process of industrial society are pointed out.
The second part is the text, which is composed of four chapters.
The first chapter briefly introduces the principles and features of the traditional detective novels and metaphysics novels. The first part of this thesis begins with the metaphysics of this novel before the subversion of the "New York Trilogy" to the traditional detective novels. The second part introduces the definition and characteristics of metaphysics detective novels, and adds the overall comparison with the traditional detective novels, which provides a powerful realistic background and theoretical support for the following three chapters.
The second chapter studies the subversion of the New York trilogy on the theme of the traditional detective novels, and expounds the lost and silent resistance when human beings face the present absurd and meaningless world. This chapter is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the vague ego of the hero of the novel and the pursuit of its true identity; the second part The relationship between "self" and "others" in the three detective stories is explained, and the process of trying to pursue the ego in the eyes of other people is revealed, while the third part discusses the transformation of the narrative angle. In a sense, this chapter is the interpretation of his own body and situation.
The third chapter mainly analyzes the subversion of the novel from the narrative structure to the traditional detective novels. The first part expounds that the novel subverts the time and space sequence of the crime in the traditional detective novels by using the unique space-time frame, and the second part shows the techniques of the case set in the three metaphysical detective stories, such as the Alan inserted in the novel. The detective theory of Poe, "Wakefield" in Hawthorne's novels, and Thoreau's "Walden Lake"; in the third part, the causality and the "perfect" in the traditional detective novels are subverted by the open ending in the New York trilogy, which not only causes the confusion and frustration of the readers, but also compels the readers to think further about the human existence. Meaning.
The fourth chapter mainly focuses on the study of the subversion of the New York trilogy on the traditional detective novels. The first part briefly describes the transformation of language functions in detective stories, and further points out the inability of human beings to decode the world in the use of language and the obstacles of language to the process of literary creation; the second part is not only analyzed. The indeterminacy and inadequacy of language refers to and refers to, and parses the parody of orst's anecdote to celebrities. On this basis, it forms a subversion of the role of persuasion and sermon in the traditional detective novels.
The conclusion is mainly to sum up the previous discussion and point out the purpose of this paper. At the same time, through the study of the subversion of the New York trilogy, it gives the work a proper evaluation. In a word, it is not difficult for the readers to see the unremitting exploration of the pain and suffering in this fallen and chaotic world. The work not only highlights the essence of the times. The spiritual journey of God and contemporary Americans to understand life, to understand oneself and to seek the spiritual journey of the up and down, left the reader free to think more space. At the same time, the subversion experiment of the traditional detective novels also provides a new blueprint for the writing of later detective stories.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2153983
[Abstract]:As is known to all, as the most popular branch of literature, detective stories are deeply loved by detectives and the masses. However, the traditional detective stories have been completely subverted by the new star Paul Oster in recent years. Paul Oster (Paul Auster) is one of the most prominent and innovative novelists in the United States, a novelist and a drama. The author, the poet, the film director, the translator and other multiple identities. At present, ooter has eighteen novels, three memoirs, a poets, a review and four screenplays. His metaphysical detective novel, the New York trilogy is a classic masterpiece of international praise, and is an uncommon collection of various elements. In this metaphysical detective novel, three unique stories are combined into a mysterious and thought-provoking mystery detective story, which leads the reader to experience the adventurous journey of exploring self and the meaning of survival.
At the same time as Aust's fame, his "New York Trilogy" has been widely paid attention to and explained from postmodernism, deconstruction, and self pursuit in the dark. After reading and collecting a lot of relevant information in this field, I found the subversion of the traditional detective novels in the "New York Trilogy". The topic is a worthwhile direction, because the novel is full of the description of the lost contemporary American and the absurd and uncertain social reality. The analysis of the subversion of the text from the narrative theme, the narrative structure and the language can help us to understand the depth of the novel and the author's creation. In this article, the New York trilogy, which is worth exploring, not only adopts some techniques in postmodernist literature, but also combines philosophical ideas such as metaphysics to form an anti detective narrative style that subverts the tradition. The unique metaphysical style contained in the article and the exploration of the meaning of self and survival have endowed the traditional detective. The novel is even a rare philosophical depth of contemporary American literary works. In view of this, this thesis will select the characteristics of metaphysics detective novels as a breakthrough point, take the framework of language, identity, narrative structure, interpret the theme of "subversion" in the novel, and further explore the inner contradictions and external societies of the present. The confusion of the meeting.
This paper consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion.
The introduction is a brief introduction to the theoretical structure of this paper, as well as the literary history of Oster's creation and the general literature review of the works. By combing the current research status of the novel, the purpose of the study and the practical significance of the novel in the process of industrial society are pointed out.
The second part is the text, which is composed of four chapters.
The first chapter briefly introduces the principles and features of the traditional detective novels and metaphysics novels. The first part of this thesis begins with the metaphysics of this novel before the subversion of the "New York Trilogy" to the traditional detective novels. The second part introduces the definition and characteristics of metaphysics detective novels, and adds the overall comparison with the traditional detective novels, which provides a powerful realistic background and theoretical support for the following three chapters.
The second chapter studies the subversion of the New York trilogy on the theme of the traditional detective novels, and expounds the lost and silent resistance when human beings face the present absurd and meaningless world. This chapter is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the vague ego of the hero of the novel and the pursuit of its true identity; the second part The relationship between "self" and "others" in the three detective stories is explained, and the process of trying to pursue the ego in the eyes of other people is revealed, while the third part discusses the transformation of the narrative angle. In a sense, this chapter is the interpretation of his own body and situation.
The third chapter mainly analyzes the subversion of the novel from the narrative structure to the traditional detective novels. The first part expounds that the novel subverts the time and space sequence of the crime in the traditional detective novels by using the unique space-time frame, and the second part shows the techniques of the case set in the three metaphysical detective stories, such as the Alan inserted in the novel. The detective theory of Poe, "Wakefield" in Hawthorne's novels, and Thoreau's "Walden Lake"; in the third part, the causality and the "perfect" in the traditional detective novels are subverted by the open ending in the New York trilogy, which not only causes the confusion and frustration of the readers, but also compels the readers to think further about the human existence. Meaning.
The fourth chapter mainly focuses on the study of the subversion of the New York trilogy on the traditional detective novels. The first part briefly describes the transformation of language functions in detective stories, and further points out the inability of human beings to decode the world in the use of language and the obstacles of language to the process of literary creation; the second part is not only analyzed. The indeterminacy and inadequacy of language refers to and refers to, and parses the parody of orst's anecdote to celebrities. On this basis, it forms a subversion of the role of persuasion and sermon in the traditional detective novels.
The conclusion is mainly to sum up the previous discussion and point out the purpose of this paper. At the same time, through the study of the subversion of the New York trilogy, it gives the work a proper evaluation. In a word, it is not difficult for the readers to see the unremitting exploration of the pain and suffering in this fallen and chaotic world. The work not only highlights the essence of the times. The spiritual journey of God and contemporary Americans to understand life, to understand oneself and to seek the spiritual journey of the up and down, left the reader free to think more space. At the same time, the subversion experiment of the traditional detective novels also provides a new blueprint for the writing of later detective stories.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
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