奥康纳对南方传统价值观的颠覆
发布时间：2018-08-03 11:49
【摘要】：弗兰纳里·奥康纳(1925-1964)在二战之后的美国文学史上占据着重要的地位,她被公认为是美国最伟大的短篇小说家之一。她不幸染上红斑狼疮,在患病之后她强忍着疼痛仍然坚持写作,年仅39岁便离开了人世。在她短暂的人生里给后人留下了宝贵的精神财富包括两部中篇小说,31篇短篇小说和大量的书信和评论文章。作为一个南方作家,奥康纳充分利用了她的地域优势。虽然她的小说以南方为背景刻画了南方的风土人情,但是奥康纳对南方的传统价值观却持否定和悲观的态度。奥康纳笔下的南方是一个残暴混乱的荒原充斥的恶魔和古怪变态的人。事实上,她的小说反映了奥康纳与南方传统价值观的分离。 本论文试图展现奥康纳是如何将南方的传统价值观一一颠覆的,并探讨了其背后的原因。论文第一章介绍了奥康纳的生活经历以及文学成就,总结了近年来奥康纳国内外研究状况,提出了论文的创新点和研究价值,最后简单说明了该论文的结构。 第二章集中探讨分析了奥康纳作品中对南方社会观的颠覆,本章节包含两部分,第一部分是关于南方种族观的颠覆,第二部分是关于南方传统家庭观的颠覆。奥康纳挑战了南方传统的白人至上黑人低贱的种族观。在她的小说中,虽然黑人很少充当主角,但是奥康纳笔下的黑人常常比白人更有能力更有智慧更加富裕。而奥康纳所描绘的白人总是愚昧无知荒唐可笑懦弱无能。这与传统的黑人和白人形象形成鲜明的反差。奥康纳在其作品中还颠覆了南方传统家庭观。奥康纳小说的家庭都是支离破碎的,家庭成员之间没有关爱和尊重只有冷漠和仇恨。 第三章探讨了奥康纳对传统身份的颠覆包括对等级分身的颠覆和对性别身份的颠覆。奥康纳的短篇小说描绘了那些面对着穷白人和黑人的崛起中产阶级农场主已逐渐失去了她们原有的社会地位。他们或是幻想的原有的等级制度仍然有效继续扮演者优越者的角色或是挣扎着尝试维持原有的社会等级制度。但是他们所有努力都是枉然,并且常以生命的代价认清悲惨的现实。奥康纳同样反对传统社会对男性、女性社会角色的分配。在她的小说中,女性不再是柔弱的家庭天使而转变为精明能干的农场主,男性被刻画的懦弱无能毫无责任感。 第四章分析了奥康纳对宗教观的颠覆。虽然奥康纳被认为是虔诚的天主教作家,她的散文和谈论都强调她坚定的宗教信仰,但是就如布鲁姆警惕我们那样我们应该相信故事而不是说故事的人。如果我们仔细阅读她的小说就会发现奥康纳并不是一个虔诚的天主教徒。她小说中反复出现的死亡、恶魔和暴力反而反映她对宗教观的颠覆。 第五章探讨了奥康纳颠覆传统价值观的原因,本章分别从个人因素、意识形态、南方现实三方面总结了奥康纳颠覆传统价值观的原因。首先奥康纳与众不同的人生经历尤其是红斑狼疮的折磨在很大部分影响形成了她悲观消极的世界观和人生观。其次奥康纳的作品是在后现代主义背景下创作的。后现代主义提出的核心理念去中心化和反对二元对立也表现在奥康纳的作品中。再次奥康纳对南方暴力和怪诞的描写并没有脱离南方的社会现实。生于南方长与南方,奥康纳很清楚南方社会的暴力和变态的一面,因此她的描写也是基于社会现实的。 最后一章总结了奥康纳的个人因素,后现代主义意识形态的影响以及南方社会的暴力和怪诞的现实共同作用导致了奥康纳的南方传统价值观的颠覆。
[Abstract]:Flannery O Conner (1925-1964) occupies an important position in the history of American literature after World War II. She is recognized as one of the greatest short story novelists in the United States. She was unfortunately infected with lupus. After she was sick, she persisted in writing. She left the world at the age of 39. She left the later generations in her short life. The precious spiritual wealth includes two novels, 31 short stories and a large number of letters and commentary. As a Southern writer, O Conner made full use of her regional advantages. Although her novels portray the South as the background in the south, O Conner's traditional values of the south are negative and sad. The attitude of O Conner's south is a demon and weird pervert of a brutal and chaotic wasteland. In fact, her novel reflects the separation of O Conner from the traditional values of the south.
This paper tries to show how O Conner subverts the traditional values of the south, and discusses the reasons behind it. Chapter 1 of the thesis introduces O Conner's life experience and literary achievements, summarizes the research status of O Conner at home and abroad in recent years, and puts forward the innovation and research value of the thesis. Finally, it simply explains the theory. The structure of the text.
The second chapter focuses on the analysis of the subversion of the southern social view in O Conner's works. This chapter contains two parts. The first part is about the subversion of the southern ethnicity, the second part is about the subversion of the traditional family view in the south. O Conner challenged the traditional white supremacy of the South in the south. In her novel, though black, it was black. People rarely act as protagonists, but O Conner's blacks are often more capable and wealthier than white men. And the white people depicted by O Conner are always ignorant and ridiculous and incompetent. This is a sharp contrast to the traditional black and white image. O Conner has also overturned the traditional family view of the south in his works. AOKANG The families of Nash's novels are all fragmented, and there is no love and respect among family members, only indifference and hatred.
The third chapter discusses O Conner's subversion of traditional identity, including subversion of hierarchy and subversion of gender identity. O Conner's short story depicts the rising middle class farmers facing poor white and black people who have gradually lost their original social status. It is effective to continue to play the role of the superior or struggle to maintain the original social hierarchy. But all their efforts are in vain and often recognize the tragic reality at the cost of life. O Conner is also opposed to the distribution of the traditional society for men and women's social roles. In her novels, women are no longer a weak home. The court was transformed into a capable farmer, and men were described as cowardly, incompetent and irresponsible.
The fourth chapter analyzes the subversion of O Conner's view of religion. Although O Conner is regarded as a devout Catholic writer, her prose and discussion all emphasize her strong religious belief, but as Bloom is on the alert for us, we should believe in stories rather than stories. If we read her novels carefully, we will find AOKANG Na is not a devout Catholic. The recurring death, demons and violence in her novels reflect her subversion of religious beliefs.
The fifth chapter discusses the reasons why O Conner subverts the traditional values. This chapter summarizes the reasons for O Conner's subversion of traditional values from three aspects of personal factors, ideology and southern reality. First, O Conner's unusual life experience, especially the torment of lupus erythematosus, has formed her pessimistic and negative world outlook. O Conner's works were created in the context of postmodernism. The core ideas of postmodernism were centered and opposed to the two yuan opposition in O Conner's works. Again, O Conner's description of violence and grotesque in the South was not divorced from the social reality of the south. Born in the South and south, O Conner It is clear about the violence and perversion of the southern society, so her description is based on social reality.
The last chapter summarizes O Conner's personal factors, the influence of postmodernism ideology, the violence in the South and the grotesque reality of the southern society, which leads to the subversion of O Conner's traditional values in the south.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2161652
[Abstract]:Flannery O Conner (1925-1964) occupies an important position in the history of American literature after World War II. She is recognized as one of the greatest short story novelists in the United States. She was unfortunately infected with lupus. After she was sick, she persisted in writing. She left the world at the age of 39. She left the later generations in her short life. The precious spiritual wealth includes two novels, 31 short stories and a large number of letters and commentary. As a Southern writer, O Conner made full use of her regional advantages. Although her novels portray the South as the background in the south, O Conner's traditional values of the south are negative and sad. The attitude of O Conner's south is a demon and weird pervert of a brutal and chaotic wasteland. In fact, her novel reflects the separation of O Conner from the traditional values of the south.
This paper tries to show how O Conner subverts the traditional values of the south, and discusses the reasons behind it. Chapter 1 of the thesis introduces O Conner's life experience and literary achievements, summarizes the research status of O Conner at home and abroad in recent years, and puts forward the innovation and research value of the thesis. Finally, it simply explains the theory. The structure of the text.
The second chapter focuses on the analysis of the subversion of the southern social view in O Conner's works. This chapter contains two parts. The first part is about the subversion of the southern ethnicity, the second part is about the subversion of the traditional family view in the south. O Conner challenged the traditional white supremacy of the South in the south. In her novel, though black, it was black. People rarely act as protagonists, but O Conner's blacks are often more capable and wealthier than white men. And the white people depicted by O Conner are always ignorant and ridiculous and incompetent. This is a sharp contrast to the traditional black and white image. O Conner has also overturned the traditional family view of the south in his works. AOKANG The families of Nash's novels are all fragmented, and there is no love and respect among family members, only indifference and hatred.
The third chapter discusses O Conner's subversion of traditional identity, including subversion of hierarchy and subversion of gender identity. O Conner's short story depicts the rising middle class farmers facing poor white and black people who have gradually lost their original social status. It is effective to continue to play the role of the superior or struggle to maintain the original social hierarchy. But all their efforts are in vain and often recognize the tragic reality at the cost of life. O Conner is also opposed to the distribution of the traditional society for men and women's social roles. In her novels, women are no longer a weak home. The court was transformed into a capable farmer, and men were described as cowardly, incompetent and irresponsible.
The fourth chapter analyzes the subversion of O Conner's view of religion. Although O Conner is regarded as a devout Catholic writer, her prose and discussion all emphasize her strong religious belief, but as Bloom is on the alert for us, we should believe in stories rather than stories. If we read her novels carefully, we will find AOKANG Na is not a devout Catholic. The recurring death, demons and violence in her novels reflect her subversion of religious beliefs.
The fifth chapter discusses the reasons why O Conner subverts the traditional values. This chapter summarizes the reasons for O Conner's subversion of traditional values from three aspects of personal factors, ideology and southern reality. First, O Conner's unusual life experience, especially the torment of lupus erythematosus, has formed her pessimistic and negative world outlook. O Conner's works were created in the context of postmodernism. The core ideas of postmodernism were centered and opposed to the two yuan opposition in O Conner's works. Again, O Conner's description of violence and grotesque in the South was not divorced from the social reality of the south. Born in the South and south, O Conner It is clear about the violence and perversion of the southern society, so her description is based on social reality.
The last chapter summarizes O Conner's personal factors, the influence of postmodernism ideology, the violence in the South and the grotesque reality of the southern society, which leads to the subversion of O Conner's traditional values in the south.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 曹佳培;论奥康纳小说中暴力元素蕴含的基督教存在主义[D];暨南大学;2013年
，本文编号：2161652
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