《苦闷的象征》与五四新文学

发布时间：2018-08-03 14:19

【摘要】：五四新文学是中国五四运动的组成部分，在五四运动中思想和文化启蒙运动中既是重要的工具也是成果之一。新文学的产生于发展离不开新文学作家和理论家的推动。这一时期，，中国文学史上星光熠熠，鲁迅、郭沫若、陈独秀等许多新文学作家与理论家都有相似的经历，就是他们曾在日本留学。《苦闷的象征》作为日本的文艺理论著作之一，经过鲁迅介绍至国内，并产生了巨大的影响。本文从三个角度对《苦》及其在中国产生的影响进行分析。第一，分析《苦》一书中包涵的西方文化。将“生命哲学”“精神分析学说”“移情说”“审美无功利”等西方学说与厨川白村在《苦》中文艺思想进行对比分析，梳理厨川的文艺思想。第二，从《苦》提出的“人”概念出发，对五四时期新文学作家以人为基础的文学创作进行分析。五四时期主体意识的觉醒之后，新文学作家面对复杂和贫弱的国家，内心痛苦不已，《苦闷的象征》一书的出现，使迷茫中的中国作家找到了方向，在接受了“苦闷”的概念后，新文学中出现了“人生苦”“社会苦”的作品。第三，对新文学与政治的关系进行分析。厨川白村认为文学应与社会有密切的关系，应用在当时的中国社会，可以说文学与政治有密切的关系。在中国的特殊国情下，道德与政治有着天然的血肉联系，封建统治者通过道德控制民众，于是新文学提出了新道德的主张。进一步的分析，新文学是民众启蒙的工具，于是便出现了启蒙文学思潮。启蒙文学思潮与中国政治运动相结合，对国民性改造提出了新的要求。
[Abstract]:The May 4th New Literature is an integral part of the May 4th Movement in China. It is not only an important tool but also one of the achievements in the ideological and Cultural Enlightenment Movement of the May 4th Movement. The development of new literature can not be separated from the promotion of new literature writers and theorists. During this period, many writers and theorists in the history of Chinese literature, such as Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Chen Duxiu and so on, had similar experiences, that is, they had studied abroad in Japan. After the introduction of Lu Xun to the country, and produced a huge impact. This paper analyzes the influence of bitter and its influence on China from three angles. First, analyze the Western culture contained in the book "bitter". The western theories such as "philosophy of life", "psychoanalysis theory", "empathy theory" and "aesthetic no utility" were compared with the literary and artistic thoughts of Kou Chuan Bai Village in "bitter", and the literary and artistic thoughts of Chef Chuan were sorted out. Secondly, starting from the concept of "man" put forward by "bitter", this paper analyzes the literary creation of the new literary writers in the May 4th period based on human beings. After the awakening of the subjective consciousness in the May 4th period, the new literary writers, faced with the complex and weak countries, were in constant pain. The appearance of the book "the symbol of boredom" led the confused Chinese writers to find their way, and after accepting the concept of "boredom", In the new literature, there are works of "life is bitter" and "society is bitter". Third, analyze the relationship between new literature and politics. Kou Chuanbai village thought that literature should have close relation with society, and in the Chinese society at that time, literature had close relation with politics. Under China's special national conditions, morality and politics have natural flesh and blood connection, feudal rulers control people through morality, so the new literature put forward the idea of new morality. Further analysis, the new literature is the tool of popular enlightenment, so there is a trend of thought in enlightenment literature. The combination of the ideological trend of enlightenment literature and the Chinese political movement puts forward new requirements for the reform of national character.
【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I206.6;I313.06

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