哈金“新移民小说”主题研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 15:40

【摘要】：作为新移民作家,哈金在美国文坛取得的成就令人瞩目。其作品屡次斩获国际大奖,这在美国华裔文学史上并不多见。近几年,哈金小说逐渐在港台、内地出版发行,有关他作品的研究也随之兴起。本文主要以哈金的五部长篇小说《池塘》、《等待》、《疯狂》、《战废品》、《自由生活》为研究对象,从新移民文学的角度,结合后殖民主义、存在主义和精神分析学等理论,对哈金小说的主题进行深入的探讨和研究。本文共分为五个部分：第一章主要梳理和总结了新移民文学及其理论。新移民文学是20世纪70、80年代以来诞生的特殊文学现象,哈金就是新移民作家中的一员。研究哈金小说首要解决的问题就是要探讨其作品与新移民文学之间共性与特殊性的关系。第二章是从回望的角度,探讨哈金笔下的“文革”世界。哈金是带着“文革”的伤痛出国的,这段经历在其文学创作中起到了重要作用。与国内同期文学不同,哈金用新移民的视角,从社会的荒诞、命运的悲剧和爱情的异化等三个方面对“文革”进行了批判和反思,将作品提升到了人性的高度。第三章是从游离的角度,研究哈金小说中母国文化下的“他者”。哈金是新移民,漂泊、无根的生活状态决定了他作品中的游离主题。哈金偏爱小人物,力图通过描写社会底层的人生百态揭来示人性。他笔下的小人物在经历过痛苦的挣扎和游离后,有些沉沦为被“阉割”的“他者”,有些则通过精神上的觉醒,成为了崛起的“他者”。第四章是从探寻的角度,研究哈金小说中新移民的文化身份。《自由生活》是哈金所有长篇小说中唯一一部以新移民生活为主题的小说。主人公在思想上经历了由迷惘到认同,再由认同到超越的演变。这种自我反思、自我认识的过程是哈金小说的一大特点。第五章从反思的角度,探究“边缘文化”中的思考。这思考既包括作者在叙事方式上的高超技巧也包括哈金本人的反思,其中,哈金的反思与其身份、位置密切相关。结论：总结了哈金新移民小说的特点。哈金作品对人性的关注和对普世价值的提倡对中国当代文学有着很大的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:As a new immigrant writer, Harkin's achievements in the American literary world are remarkable. His works have repeatedly won international awards, which is rare in the history of Chinese American literature. In recent years, Harkin's novels have been published and published in Hong Kong and Taiwan. This article mainly takes the five novels of Harkin's novels "Pond >," waiting for "," Crazy "," War scrap "," Free Life "as the research object, from the new immigrant literature angle, unifies the theories and so on post-colonialism, existentialism and psychoanalysis, etc. The theme of Harkin's novels is deeply discussed and studied. This paper is divided into five parts: the first chapter mainly combs and summarizes the new immigrant literature and its theory. New immigrant literature is a special literary phenomenon born since the 1970s and 1980s. Harkin is one of the new immigrant writers. The most important problem to solve in the study of Harkin's novels is to explore the relationship between his works and the new immigrant literature. The second chapter discusses the world of the Cultural Revolution written by Harkin from the perspective of looking back. Harkin went abroad with the pain of the Cultural Revolution, which played an important role in his literary creation. Different from the literature of the same period in China, Harkin criticizes and reflects on the Cultural Revolution from three aspects: the absurdity of society, the tragedy of fate and the alienation of love, from the perspective of new immigrants, and elevates his works to the height of human nature. The third chapter studies the "other" in Harkin's novels from the angle of dissociation. Harkin is a new immigrant, wandering, rootless living state determines the theme of his works. Harkin favors small people and tries to show human nature by describing the bottom of life. After the painful struggle and separation, some of the little people in his works have been reduced to the "other" who has been castrated, and some have become the rising "other" through spiritual awakening. The fourth chapter studies the cultural identity of the new immigrants in Harkin's novels from the angle of exploration. Free Life is the only novel with the theme of new immigrant life in all his novels. The protagonist experienced the evolution from confusion to identity and from identity to transcendence. This process of self-reflection and self-recognition is a major feature of Harkin's novels. Chapter five explores the thinking in marginal Culture from the perspective of reflection. This thinking includes both the author's superb skills in the narrative mode and the reflection of Harkin himself, in which the reflection of Harkin is closely related to his identity and position. Conclusion: the characteristics of Harkin's new immigrant novels are summarized. The attention to human nature and the promotion of universal value in Harkin's works are of great significance to Chinese contemporary literature.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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