女性社会称谓语的使用：《名利

发布时间：2018-08-09 07:59

【摘要】：称谓语是发话人用来称呼交际对方的用语,对它的得体使用对交际者意义重大。作为语言系统的一个重要组成部分,称谓语的研究成为社会语言学的一个重要课题。称谓语的使用能为整个交际活动定下基调,能清楚地反映交际双方之间的社会关系和社会地位,同时也不可避免的受到各种语境因素的影响和制约,而称谓语对交际双方的社会关系和地位的反映也只有在具体的语境中才得以体现。由于交际双方具体的社会关系,所处的交际场合,交际对象的心理变化,及其社会意识形态的多变性,因此,称谓语的选择和使用也必然会随之发生变化,呈现动态变化特征。另外,由于社会对男女两性定位的不同,在称谓使用上必然会受到社会文化因素的影响,称谓语的使用具有性别上的差异。因此,女性社会称谓语的选择和使用情况和过程,则是对某一时期女性的社会地位和所扮演的社会角色在具体社会文化环境中的反映。本文以布朗(Brown)和吉尔曼(Gilman)的“权势与等同”语义理论、马林诺夫斯基的“情景语境”理论为框架,以女性社会称谓为切入点,以英国作家萨克雷的作品《名利场》(Vanity Fair)中的人物对话为语料,采用定性分析为主的方法,研究作品中两位主人公Becky和Amelia在社会称谓语选择和使用上的动态变化,进而探究造成这些变化的社会文化因素,如社会身份、社会地位、社会环境、交际语境、社会意识形态和情感变化等。研究发现,交际双方的社会称谓蕴含着一定的“权势与等同”的语义关系。它的选择和使用是对双方社会地位,社会关系,人际关系,以及权势关系的动态体现。另外,受交际场合,交际时间,交际过程与交际对象等语境因素的影响和制约,它体现了交际者当时的心理定位,以及对维护一定社会关系的心理期待。文学作品是反映社会现实的一面镜子,因此,文中对女性社会称谓语的选择和使用的研究和分析,则是对女性在当时社会文化背景下所处的社会权势与等同关系的具体体现。
[Abstract]:Appellation is a term used by the speaker to address the communicator, and the proper use of it is of great significance to the communicator. As an important part of language system, the study of appellation has become an important subject in sociolinguistics. The use of address terms can set the tone for the whole communicative activity and clearly reflect the social relations and social status between the two parties. At the same time, they are inevitably influenced and restricted by various contextual factors. Appellation reflects the social relationship and status of both sides of communication only in the specific context. Because of the concrete social relations, the communicative situation, the psychological change of the communicative object and the variability of the social ideology, the choice and use of the appellation will inevitably change, showing the dynamic change characteristic. In addition, because of the different orientation of society to men and women, the use of appellations is bound to be influenced by social and cultural factors, and the use of appellations has gender differences. Therefore, the choice and use of female social appellations is a reflection of the social status and social role of women in a certain period in the specific social and cultural environment. This paper takes the semantic theory of "power and equivalence" of Brown (Brown) and Gilman (Gilman) as the frame, Ma Lin Noowski's "situational context" theory as the frame, and the female social appellation as the breakthrough point. Based on the dialogue between the characters in the novel Vanity Fair by the British writer, Vanity Fair, this paper studies the dynamic changes of the two protagonists, Becky and Amelia, in the choice and use of social appellations by using the qualitative analysis method. Then it explores the social and cultural factors that cause these changes, such as social identity, social status, social environment, communicative context, social ideology and emotional changes. It is found that the social appellation of both parties implies a certain semantic relationship between power and equivalence. Its choice and use are the dynamic embodiment of social status, social relationship, interpersonal relationship and power relationship. In addition, it is influenced and restricted by such contextual factors as communicative occasion, communication time, communicative process and communicative object. It reflects the psychological orientation of the communicator at that time and the psychological expectation to maintain certain social relations. Literary works are a mirror reflecting social reality. Therefore, the study and analysis of the choice and use of female social appellations is a concrete reflection of the social power and equivalence of women in the social and cultural background at that time.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074;H313

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