《所罗门之歌》的原型解读

发布时间：2018-08-19 16:05

【摘要】：托妮·莫里森是1993年诺贝尔文学奖获得者，是第一位获此奖项的黑人女作家。关怀黑人历史、命运、精神生活，探求黑人身份和保持黑人文化传统是莫里森小说的重要主题。《所罗门之歌》是莫里森的第三部小说，小说描写了主人公奶娃为逃离北方毫无意义的生活到美国南部寻宝，却无意间追寻到家族的源头和祖先真实姓名的冒险历程。寻金之旅变成了自发的寻根之旅。该书自1977年出版以来受到了广泛关注，中外学者已从女性主义，后殖民主义、叙事策略等多个角度对其进行了探讨。《所罗门之歌》的书名取自《旧约》中的雅歌，而且莫里森的多部作品均是富含神话原型的力作，因此，本文从原型批评角度出发，对这部小说中所蕴含的神话和圣经原型从主题、人物和意象三个方面进行全面的阐释。全文分为五个部分：第一章介绍了莫里森作品的写作主题和《所罗门之歌》的故事框架，回顾了《所罗门之歌》的中外研究现状，并对本论文的理论基础——原型批评做了相关铺垫，简要介绍其代表人物、发展历程和理论概念。第二章至第四章论文从主题、人物和意象三个方面对小说展开详尽的分析。第二章阐述了贯穿全书的追寻、重生和飞翔主题。通过原型主题的讨论，读者感受到莫里森对黑人痛苦生活的关怀以及黑人保护民族文化传统的迫切愿望。第三章对书中人物的神话原型进行了讨论，主人公奶娃是奥德修斯的置换，同样都在追寻过去和家园；派拉特的形象体现了大母神的原型，她保护和引导奶娃的成长，，使奶娃成为文化的继承人；露丝和哈格尔在父权社会受尽压迫，她们代表了替罪羊的原型。第四章探讨了水意象和树意象，这两个意象与第二章谈到的重生主题相呼应，喻示着美国黑人渴望新的生活。最后是结论部分。对《所罗门之歌》的原型解读不仅凸显了作者的写作特色，更进一步揭示了书中的所反映的深刻内涵：美国黑人只有立足于本民族的文化传统,才能够坚守自己的民族身份，从而找到一条自由平等的出路。
[Abstract]:Toni Morrison was the winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize for Literature and the first black woman writer to win the award. Concern for black history, fate, spiritual life, search for black identity and the preservation of black cultural traditions are important themes in Morrison's novel, the Song of Solomon, which is Morrison's third novel. The novel depicts the adventure of Niwa, the protagonist, seeking treasure in the southern United States in order to escape from the meaningless life in the North, but inadvertently pursuing the origin of the family and the true name of her ancestors. The gold hunt became a spontaneous root-seeking journey. Since its publication in 1977, Chinese and foreign scholars have discussed the book from the perspectives of feminism, post-colonialism, narrative strategy, etc. The title of the Song of Solomon is taken from the Song of the Old Testament. Moreover, many of Morrison's works are rich in mythological archetypes. Therefore, from the perspective of archetypal criticism, this paper comprehensively explains the mythology and biblical archetypes contained in this novel from three aspects: theme, characters and images. The thesis is divided into five parts: the first chapter introduces the writing theme of Morrison's works and the story frame of Song of Solomon. And the theoretical basis of this paper-archetypal criticism, a brief introduction to its representative characters, development process and theoretical concepts. From chapter two to chapter four, the thesis makes a detailed analysis of the novel from three aspects: theme, character and image. The second chapter expounds the themes of searching, rebirth and flying throughout the book. Through the discussion of prototype theme, readers feel Morrison's concern for black people's painful life and their urgent desire to protect national cultural tradition. The third chapter discusses the mythological archetypes of the characters in the book. The protagonist Niwa is the replacement of Odysseus, who is also searching for the past and the homeland, and the image of Parat embodies the archetype of the Great Mother God, who protects and guides the growth of the baby. The baby became the heir to culture; Ruth and Hagel were oppressed in patriarchal society, representing the prototype of scapegoats. The fourth chapter discusses the image of water and the image of tree. These two images echo the theme of rebirth mentioned in the second chapter and show that black Americans are eager for a new life. The last part is the conclusion. The archetypal interpretation of Song of Solomon not only highlights the author's writing characteristics, but also reveals the profound connotation reflected in the book: black Americans can only stick to their national identity if they are based on their own cultural traditions. In order to find a free and equal way out.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【参考文献】