从天真到成熟：从成长小说角度解读《船讯》主人公奎尔的成长历程

发布时间：2018-08-24 20:17

【摘要】：安妮·普鲁是美国当代最具影响力的作家之一。自从1993年她的第二部小说《船讯》出版，她以及她的作品受到了广泛的关注。同年，该书获得了国家图书奖，次年又获得了普利策小说奖。《船讯》讲述的是一位失败的中年男人奎尔重获新生的故事。作为纽约一家当地报纸的三流记者，奎尔长相丑陋，性格愚钝，三十多年来从未受到过别人的肯定。突然厄运降临，父母双亡，婚姻全线崩溃。在姑妈的鼓励下，与其一道回到了祖居地纽芬兰。从此他开始了漫长的心灵苦旅。在那里，他进行了深刻的自我反思并在生活中采取了积极的行动。渐渐地他开始变得自信，勇敢，在事业上取得了成功，同时也收获了美好的爱情。乔治·卢卡奇认为，无论从美学角度还是历史哲学角度，成长小说都是抽象的理想主义小说和幻灭的浪漫主义小说的结合。“行动”对应着抽象的理想主义和主人公对改造世界的期待，而“沉思”则对应幻灭的浪漫主义和主人公在接受现实世界时所产生的心理反应。在成长小说的构成中，主人公需要保持行动与沉思之间的平衡。也就是说，主人公需要在改造世界的期待和接受现实世界的之间保持平衡。所以，成长小说的主题是“成问题的个人在经验理想的引导下与具体的社会现实之间的和解”。奎尔最终实现了对改造世界的期待和接受现实世界的之间的和解统一。这种和解正是他成长的轨迹，，从一个无论是对自我还是世界都一无所知的边缘人物蜕变为一位对于自己来说成熟,完整的英雄。近年来，国内外对于该小说的研究主要集中在小说的地方色彩、生态批评、女性主义等方面。本文试图从成长小说的角度，结合卢卡奇提出的“沉思与行动”在成长小说中的特殊作用，对《船讯》的主人公奎尔的心路历程进行深入解析。
[Abstract]:Anne Pru is one of the most influential contemporary American writers. Since her second novel, ship News, was published in 1993, she and her works have received wide attention. In the same year, the book won the National Book Award, and the following year it won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. As a third-rate reporter in a local New York newspaper, Quill was ugly and dull and had never been praised for more than 30 years. Suddenly bad luck came, both parents died, and the whole marriage collapsed. Encouraged by her aunt, she returned to Newfoundland, where she lived. From then on he began a long journey of spiritual hardship. There, he made a deep self-reflection and took positive actions in his life. Gradually he became self-confident, brave, successful in his career, and reaped good love. George Lukacs believes that, from the point of view of aesthetics and historical philosophy, the growth novel is a combination of abstract idealistic novel and disillusionment romantic novel. "Action" corresponds to abstract idealism and the protagonist's expectation of transforming the world, while "contemplation" corresponds to disillusionment romanticism and the psychological reaction of the protagonist when he accepts the real world. In the composition of the growth novel, the protagonist needs to maintain a balance between action and contemplation. In other words, the protagonist needs to maintain a balance between the expectations of transforming the world and accepting the real world. Therefore, the theme of the growth novel is "the reconciliation between the problematic individual and the concrete social reality under the guidance of the ideal experience." Quill finally achieved reconciliation between expectations for transforming the world and acceptance of the real world. This reconciliation is the path of his growth from a marginal figure who knows nothing about himself or the world into a mature and complete hero for himself. In recent years, the domestic and foreign studies on the novel mainly focus on the local color, ecological criticism, feminism and so on. In this paper, from the point of view of the growing up novel and in combination with the special role of "meditation and action" put forward by Lukacs in the growth novel, this paper attempts to make a deep analysis of the mental course of the protagonist Quill in ship News.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I712.074

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