试论松本清张推理小说的创作特征

发布时间：2018-09-03 06:03

【摘要】：松本清张是现代日本大众小说史上“社会派推理小说”的创始人。他是战后日本文坛有非常大影响力的一位作家,不仅在日本,而且在中国日语学界也颇具名声。他的推理小说的出现,为日本推理小说注入了新鲜的血液。因此,提到松本清张,人们便会想起他的带有重视犯罪动机风格的推理小说,这些作品最受读者欢迎,影响力最大。清张对文学创作倾注了很大的心血,除推理小说之外,还相继创作了现代小说、时代小说、历史小说、评论等多种题材的作品。但本文仅对他的推理小说进行一些试探性分析。本篇论文运用作家论和作品论并行的方法,结合时代背景以及代表作中人物的性格、特征等的描写,对松本清张推理小说的整体特征进行了考察。全文主要内容如下。第一,对于松本清张的生平和写作背景简要分析介绍。任何作品的风格和思想都与作者本人的经历有关,清张也不例外。清张的小说以重视犯罪动机和描写人物心理而著名；作品的特点也同样与其个人经历密不可分。他自幼家境贫寒,从事过各种阶层的多种工作,由于其社会经验丰富,作品通常涉及社会各个阶层并且富有深刻的现实性与社会性。1950年松本清张以《西乡钞票》登上日本文坛,之后又凭借纯文学作品《某个小仓日记传》获得芥川奖,为他以后创作推理小说铺平了道路。这也从侧面说明了他的推理小说有很强的文学性及可读性。1958年清张发表了推理小说《点与线》,从此之后便在推理文坛上大放异彩。第二,主要针对松本清张的推理小说的特征进行分析。首先,与以前的侦探小说不同,他的推理小说重视动机的描写并且为其加入了显著的社会特征。其次,不放弃传统的推理手法——作为社会派推理小说家的清张也重视具有真实性的圈套的设置。同时,他的推理小说与普通人的个人生活密切联系在一起。最后,成了以松本清张为代表的独特的社会派推理小说。他的推理小说的创新之处就在于,将推理解迷的乐趣和社会性的动机结合在了一起。为以后的推理小说家提供了一个新的创作模板。第三,通过分析典型人物和代表作,进一步阐明了松本清张推理小说的主要特征。松本清张创作了很多优秀的推理小说,涉及了各个阶层的问题。由于时代性的关系,松本清张最优秀的小说多创作于昭和三十年代。本论文根据时间的前后顺序,选取了昭和时代清张最具代表性的三部作品,《点与线》、《砂之器》和《零的焦点》。希望通过对这三部作品的分析,讨论其中体现的社会性和现实性,以及它们所带来的社会影响。第四,在论文的第五部分,归纳出由于这些创作特征,松本清张的推理小说如实的反映了昭和时期日本社会的具体情形和形势,以及二战后普通人们的生活现状。也正是由于以上所述的这些特征所表现出的人的心理矛盾和感情,他的社会派推理小说才被人广为推崇,甚至被称为“日本国情教科书”而这些又在极大程度上影响了后来的推理小说家的创作。甚至出现了所谓的“清张咒缚”一词,清张的影响力之大可见一斑。第五,论文最后,作为结论总结出清张小说的主要特征,同时提出本论文的各种不足之处。松本清张为推理小说加入了社会性、日常性,描写了普通人的日常生活,他保持着这种风格创作了各种各样题材的优秀作品,至今仍对中日推理文坛留有不容忽视的影响。
[Abstract]:Matsumoto Chiang-chang is the founder of the "Socialist Inference Novels" in the history of modern Japanese popular fiction. He is a very influential writer in the postwar Japanese literary world. He is not only famous in Japan, but also in the Chinese Japanese academic circles. The emergence of his Inference Novels injected fresh blood into Japanese Inference Novels. Qing Zhang, people will think of his reasoning novels with the style of attaching importance to criminal motives, which are most popular with readers and have the greatest influence. Some speculative analysis is carried out in the mystery novels.
In this paper, the author and the works of the parallel approach, combined with the background of the times, as well as the characterization of the characters in the representative works, characteristics, etc., the overall characteristics of Matsumoto's reasoning novels were investigated.
First, brief analysis and introduction of Matsumoto Kiyozhang's life and writing background.
The style and thought of any work is related to the author's own experience, and Qingzhang is no exception. Qingzhang's novels are famous for attaching importance to the motive of crime and describing the psychology of the characters. The characteristics of his works are also closely related to his personal experience. He was born in a poor family and engaged in a variety of jobs of various classes. Because of his rich social experience, Qingzhang wrote. In 1950, Matsumoto Chiang-chang ascended the Japanese literary arena with "Xixiang Banknote" and later won Akutagawa Akutagawa Prize for his pure literary work "A Diary Biography of a Small Cang", which paved the way for his later writing of reasoning novels. This also illustrates from the side that his reasoning novels are very strong. Literariness and readability. In 1958, Qingzhang published a novel of inference, Point and Line.
Secondly, it mainly analyzes the characteristics of Matsumoto's unrestrained reasoning novels. First, unlike previous detective novels, his reasoning novels attach importance to the description of motivation and add remarkable social characteristics to it. Secondly, he does not abandon the traditional reasoning techniques - as a social reasoning novelist, his unrestrained reasoning novels also attach importance to authenticity. At the same time, his reasoning novel is closely related to the personal life of ordinary people. Finally, it becomes a unique social reasoning novel represented by Matsumoto Chiang-zhang. A new creation template is provided.
Thirdly, through the analysis of typical characters and representative works, the main features of Matsumoto Chiang-zhang's reasoning novels are further clarified. In this order, three representative works of Zhaohe Qingzhang are selected, namely, Point and Line, Sand Tool and Zero Focus.
Fourthly, in the fifth part of the thesis, it is concluded that because of these creative features, Matsumoto's unrestrained reasoning novels faithfully reflect the specific situation and situation of Japanese society in the Showa period, and the living conditions of ordinary people after World War II. It is precisely because of the psychological contradictions and feelings of the above-mentioned people, his society. Novels of academic reasoning were widely praised, even called "textbooks of Japanese national conditions", which greatly influenced the later works of reasoning novelists. Even the so-called "Qingzhang Mantra" appeared, the influence of Qingzhang can be seen.
Fifthly, as a conclusion, the paper summarizes the main features of Qingzhang's novels and points out the various shortcomings of this paper. There is no neglecting influence.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I313.074

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