同化或异化？：对墨西哥裔美国人研究的回顾与展望
发布时间：2018-10-18 14:13
【摘要】：同化是美国移民研究中一个非常重要、同时也是颇具争议性的问题。随着大量非白人移民的不断涌入，人们越来越关切这些移民是否会遵循早期欧洲裔移民的同化模式。墨西哥裔作为美国最大的非白人移民群体而总是位于争论的风口浪尖。墨裔移民早在一个世纪前就开始了他们的美国移民之旅，而自1970年代以来移民人数一直保持上涨趋势。经过四至五代墨裔移民之后，与祖辈相比近几代墨裔美国人虽有很多显著的不同之处，但仍然处于社会分层的最底端。他们中的大多数人没有上过大学，住在西班牙裔社区，从事着低薪且毫无技含量的工作。大量且不曾间断的墨裔移民给美国社会诸多方面带来影响。因其同化模式与早期的欧洲裔移民不大相同，所以本土主义者认为后几代墨裔美国人正在而且将会在同化过程中走下坡路，从而给为美国社会带来前所未有的挑战和威胁。与早期的欧洲裔相比，墨西哥裔要面对的社会问题更多，导致其同化速度相对缓慢，但是他们的同化前景是乐观的。 本研究结合墨裔群体内部几代之间的比较和墨裔与美国不同族群间的对比，来揭示墨裔美国人在同化过程中遇到的社会问题和导致这些问题的社会根源。最终得出结论，改变墨裔的现状，，最根本且有效的方法就是加大对其教育的投资，让其享有与非墨裔白人同等的教育。
[Abstract]:Assimilation is a very important and controversial issue in American immigration research. With the influx of nonwhite immigrants, there is growing concern that these immigrants will follow the assimilation patterns of early European immigrants. Mexicans, the largest group of non-white immigrants in the United States, have always been at the forefront of the debate. Mexican immigrants, who began their American journey a century ago, have been on an upward trend since the 1970s. After four to five generations of Mexican immigrants, recent generations of Mexican-Americans are still at the bottom of social stratification, although there are many significant differences compared with their ancestors. Most of them never went to college, lived in Hispanic communities, and had low-paid and unskilled jobs. A large and uninterrupted number of Mexican immigrants have had an impact on many aspects of American society. Because the assimilation model is not the same as the early European immigrants, nativists believe that the later generations of Mexican Americans are and will decline in the process of assimilation, thus bringing unprecedented challenges and threats to American society. Compared with the early Europeans, Mexicans face more social problems, resulting in a relatively slow assimilation rate, but their prospects for assimilation are optimistic. In this study, the social problems encountered by Mexican Americans in assimilation process and the social root causes of these problems are revealed by the comparison of several generations within the Mexican American community and the comparison between Mexican Americans and different ethnic groups in the United States. Finally, it is concluded that the most fundamental and effective way to change the status quo of Mexican people is to invest more in their education so that they can enjoy the same education as non-Mexican whites.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.06
本文编号：2279374
[Abstract]:Assimilation is a very important and controversial issue in American immigration research. With the influx of nonwhite immigrants, there is growing concern that these immigrants will follow the assimilation patterns of early European immigrants. Mexicans, the largest group of non-white immigrants in the United States, have always been at the forefront of the debate. Mexican immigrants, who began their American journey a century ago, have been on an upward trend since the 1970s. After four to five generations of Mexican immigrants, recent generations of Mexican-Americans are still at the bottom of social stratification, although there are many significant differences compared with their ancestors. Most of them never went to college, lived in Hispanic communities, and had low-paid and unskilled jobs. A large and uninterrupted number of Mexican immigrants have had an impact on many aspects of American society. Because the assimilation model is not the same as the early European immigrants, nativists believe that the later generations of Mexican Americans are and will decline in the process of assimilation, thus bringing unprecedented challenges and threats to American society. Compared with the early Europeans, Mexicans face more social problems, resulting in a relatively slow assimilation rate, but their prospects for assimilation are optimistic. In this study, the social problems encountered by Mexican Americans in assimilation process and the social root causes of these problems are revealed by the comparison of several generations within the Mexican American community and the comparison between Mexican Americans and different ethnic groups in the United States. Finally, it is concluded that the most fundamental and effective way to change the status quo of Mexican people is to invest more in their education so that they can enjoy the same education as non-Mexican whites.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.06
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1 姬虹;假如美国没有了墨西哥裔人[J];世界知识;2004年18期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 刘浩;试论西裔与美国的融合[D];青岛大学;2006年
本文编号：2279374
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