雨果文学创作的人道主义取向

发布时间：2018-10-18 15:00

【摘要】：雨果的作品之所以超越时空,成为享誉世界的经典,除了其作品中浩大的历史场景、奇崛的故事情节和奇绝的文字叙述外,更由于雨果准确把握了时代的主脉和征兆,深刻揭示了当时法国最尖锐最敏感的社会问题,传递了草根阶层心内的诉求,彰显了人道主义的价值取向。如果说雨果早期创作的人道主义是善和恶一道消亡的话,那么进入创作黄金期的人道主义就演化为善对恶的战胜并取而代之。雨果对人道主义的秉持和尊奉是比较执著和坚定的,并将这种执著和坚定体现在其塑造的人物身上。雨果的人道主义思想在其晚年作品中显得有些杂乱和模糊,他将人道主义作为文学创作的最高价值信条,认为人道主义既能将劳苦大众提升为道德人物,也能够改造感化统治者,甚至把建立公平公正的理想社会的希望放在他自认为具有"仁慈"观念和"博爱"意识的敌对分子身上。这无疑遁入乌托邦的窠臼和唯心主义的泥沼,大大销蚀了其文学作品批判现实主义的锋芒。
[Abstract]:The reason why Hugo's works transcend time and space and become world-renowned classics is that apart from the vast historical scenes in his works, the strange story and the extraordinary narrative, it is also because Hugo has accurately grasped the main vein and signs of the times. It deeply reveals the most acute and sensitive social problems in France at that time, conveys the demands of the grassroots, and highlights the value orientation of humanitarianism. If Hugo's early humanitarianism is the disappearance of good and evil together, then the humanitarianism in the golden period of creation evolves into the victory of good against evil and replaces it. Hugo's adherence to humanitarianism and respect is more persistent and firm, and this kind of persistence and steadfastness is reflected in the characters he portrays. Hugo's humanitarianism thought appeared to be somewhat messy and vague in his later works. He regarded humanitarianism as the highest value creed in literary creation, and believed that humanitarianism could elevate the laboring masses to moral figures. It can also transform the reformatory rulers and even place the hope of establishing a fair and just ideal society on his adversaries who consider themselves to be "benevolent" and "fraternal". This undoubtedly evades into the rut of utopia and idealism, and greatly erodes the vanguard of critical realism in his literary works.
【作者单位】：广东警官学院公共部;
【分类号】：I565.06

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