从间离角度分析《九重天》中的同性恋问题

发布时间：2018-11-09 21:28

【摘要】：卡萝儿·邱琪尔（1938-）是20世纪末以来活跃在英国文坛的才华横溢的作家，也是英国剧坛中唯二受到评论界和学术界广泛关注的女性剧作家。她杰出的喜剧《九重天》使她第一次为读者和学者所广泛熟知，也为其赢得了创作生涯中第一个奥比奖和“杰出作家”的赞誉，这也是她众多搬上戏剧舞台的作品中最为卖座的一部。在该部作品中，性别和性成为焦点。尽管众多国内外学者对此从女性主义、权力和殖民主义等层面进行了深入大量地探讨，但他们的研究仍局限在文本上，而对于作品在采用了人物间离技巧后，搬上戏剧舞台时所呈现出的性别和性的问题，尤其是同性恋问题，仍缺乏深入的挖掘和研究。本人拟在前人基础上，从人物反串（cross-casting）、兼角(doubling)、以及反串和兼角同时叠加这三个角度，深入探讨《九重天》中的同性恋问题。论文主体分为三章。第一章是“人物反串下的同性恋困境”，通过舞台上反串的贝蒂和爱德华来探讨同性恋群体的困境。男性的贝蒂与男同性恋者哈利、女同性恋者埃伦的对抗揭露了同性恋在社会中处于被孤立、不安全和见不得人的处境，和他们所面临的异性恋为主导的社会舆论压力。而女性的爱德华则暗示同性恋者如女性一样缺乏力量，及在与主流社会进行抗争时将遭遇相似的结局。第二章是“人物兼角下的同性恋问题的变化”，透过作品中人物的兼角探讨不同时期的同性恋问题的发展变化。第一幕中的女同性恋者埃伦和独立自主的桑德斯夫人的兼角突出了同性恋者在维多利亚时期的社会中作为反叛者和受害者的身份；相反，埃伦与第二幕的女同性恋者林的兼角则强烈对比出同性恋者在二十世纪七十年代的英国所处的宽松氛围。另外，第一幕中男同性恋者哈利与第二幕中的马丁的兼角，也展示了不同时期同性恋对异性恋婚姻和社会所造成的冲击。第三章是“间离效果下的同性恋问题的反思”，从凯西的反串和兼角两方面入手探讨异性恋作为权威、主导的衰落，并提出从无性恋的角度解读传统视角中的“同性恋行为”。第一部分主要探析凯西的兼角问题，，从手枪、年龄和欺凌事件三方面阐释异性恋权威的衰落；第二部分则从凯西的反串着手，提出从无性恋角度解读“同性恋行为”。
[Abstract]:Carol Qiuqi (1938 -) is a talented writer who has been active in English literature since the end of the 20th century. For the first time, she was widely known to readers and scholars, and won the first Obi-awards and "Outstanding Writers" in her writing career. It was also one of her most popular works on the stage. In this work, gender and sex are the focus. Although many scholars at home and abroad have made a great deal of research on this from the aspects of feminism, power and colonialism, their research is still confined to the text, and the works have adopted the technique of character separation. The problems of gender and sex, especially homosexuality, still lack of deep research. On the basis of predecessors, I intend to probe into the issue of homosexuality in Nine Sky from three angles: cross-casting, (doubling), and superposition at the same time. The main body of the thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is "the Gay Dilemma in characters", which explores the plight of the gay community through Betty and Edward on stage. The confrontation between male Betty and gay Harry and lesbian Ellen reveals that homosexuality is in an isolated, unsafe and shabby situation, and that they face heterosexual pressure of public opinion. Female Edward suggests that homosexuals are as powerless as women and will end up fighting against mainstream society. The second chapter is "the change of the homosexual problem under the character and the angle", through the character's angle in the work, discusses the development and change of the gay question in different period. In Act I, the lesbian Ellen and the independent Mrs. Sanders highlight the identity of homosexuals as rebels and victims in Victorian society; In contrast, Ellen and Act II lesbian Lin's corner contrasts the relaxed atmosphere of homosexuality in Britain in the 1970s. In addition, the male gay Harry in Act one and Martin in Act II also show the impact of homosexuality on heterosexual marriage and society in different periods. The third chapter is "the reflection of homosexuality under the effect of distance", which discusses the decline of heterosexuality as authority and leading from Kathy's role and angle, and puts forward to interpret the "homosexual behavior" from the angle of asexual love. The first part mainly analyzes Kathy's angle, explains the decline of heterosexual authority from three aspects of pistol, age and bullying. The second part starts with Kathy's acting, and puts forward to interpret "homosexual behavior" from the angle of asexual love.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I561.074

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