《纯真年代》的叙事艺术研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 12:35

【摘要】：伊迪斯·华顿（1862-1937）是当代美国文学史上一位颇有影响力的女性作家。华顿作为一名现实主义作家，她对于人性有着透彻的理解，对于老纽约传统的风俗习惯有着敏锐的洞察力。她深入细致地刻画了“老纽约”上层社会的方方面面，再现了个人与社会之间不可调和的矛盾和新旧时代交替中不可避免的冲突。《纯真年代》出版于1920年，，她因此成为美国第一位获得普利策奖的女性。对于这部作品，以往的评论家主要从女性主义、道德意义、心理学角度、作者的婚姻观、小说的艺术特色、，以及与亨利·詹姆斯作品之间的异同等方面来分析解读。对于这部作品的叙事艺术的研究还不够系统或不深入，因此本文旨在通过讨论《纯真年代》文本的叙事艺术，研究叙事艺术如何为表现主题服务及增强作品的艺术价值来弥补这方面研究的不足。论文从叙事的视角，主要运用文本分析的方法，从叙事焦距、叙事时间、叙事声音三方面来探讨叙事方面的特色，研究叙事艺术对于主题表现和作品的艺术价值所起到的作用。叙事焦距包括内聚焦、零聚焦和外聚焦,采用了以内聚焦的叙事模式为主，同时辅之以恰当的全聚焦和外聚焦的多元化叙事模式把内容与形式比较完美地统一起来，使得主要人物性格特征及内心世界得到进一步的表现；叙事时间中的叙事间距包括省略、延长和停顿，华顿在叙述中多次运用省略来给故事留下空白，让读者在阅读中以不同的理解将其填补完整，达到了意想不到的艺术效果；第三章讨论了自由间接话语和叙事声音，本文着重对文本采用的“自由间接引语”模式进行探讨以及运用“自由间接引语”所带来的反讽效果;文本中借助“作者型叙事声音”的“作者”所具有的权威性来陈述观点、发表评论，旨在表达对纽约上流社会尖锐的批判和无情的讽刺。以上这些叙事策略对于作品的表现力，特别是作品主题表达和深化方面起到了重要作用，增添了小说的艺术价值。本文在作品的叙事艺术手法方面有所创新。
[Abstract]:Edith Wharton (1862-1937) is an influential female writer in the history of contemporary American literature. As a realistic writer, Wharton has a thorough understanding of human nature and a keen insight into the traditions and customs of Old New York. She deeply and meticulously depicts all aspects of the upper class of Old New York and reproduces the irreconcilable contradiction between individual and society and the inevitable conflict between the old and the new. The Age of innocence, published in 1920, became the first woman to win a Pulitzer Prize in the United States. For this work, previous critics mainly from the feminist, moral significance, psychological perspective, the author's view of marriage, the artistic characteristics of the novel, as well as the similarities and differences between Henry James works to analyze and interpret. The research on the narrative art of this work is not systematic or deep enough, so this paper aims to discuss the narrative art of the text of "the Age of innocence". This paper studies how narrative art serves the theme of expression and strengthens the artistic value of the works to make up for the deficiency of this research. From the perspective of narrative, this paper mainly uses the method of text analysis to discuss the characteristics of narrative from three aspects of narrative focal length, narrative time and narrative sound, and to study the role of narrative art in the expression of theme and the artistic value of works. The narrative focal length includes internal focus, zero focus and external focus. The narrative mode of internal focus is mainly used, and the multiple narrative models with proper full focus and external focus are used to unify the content and form perfectly. Make the main character characteristic and the inner world get the further expression; Narration space in narration time includes ellipsis, prolongation and pause. Wharton used ellipsis many times in narration to leave blank to the story, so that readers can fill it up with different understanding in reading, and achieve unexpected artistic effect. The third chapter discusses the free indirect discourse and narrative voice, this paper focuses on the text of the text adopted the "free indirect speech" model and the use of "free indirect speech" brought about by the ironic effect; With the help of the authoritativeness of the author's narrative voice, the text states its views and comments in order to express its sharp criticism of the upper-class society in New York and its merciless satire. These narrative strategies play an important role in the expression of the works, especially in the expression and deepening of the theme of the works, and increase the artistic value of the novel. This article has some innovation in the narrative art technique of the works.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

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