《神曲》中双希文化冲突与但丁的意图
发布时间：2019-02-25 21:33
【摘要】：中世纪是希腊文化与希伯来文化交流、融合、对立、发展最为剧烈的时代,两种文化之间的张力构成了中世纪文化的主要特征。但丁作为中世纪文化的思想者,时代的总结者,双希文化张力在他思想中表现得尤为明显。其作品《神曲》既有对中世纪神学的虔诚赞美,同时又透露出新时代人文主义思想的曙光,在“双重真理”的指引下,构建了一条完美人生之路。实际上双希文化之间的融合是有限度的,两者在本质上是两种异质文化,因而《神曲》呈现出多义性与矛盾性的张力。这种文本上的张力,不仅源自文化自身内在的张力,也是但丁对双希文化之思的结果。从这个意义上来说,但丁不愧为中世纪最伟大的诗人,同时也铸就了《神曲》的经典性。 从但丁的生平经历中可以看出,他受到了良好的希腊式知识教育,形成了以希腊精神为核心的人生理想,同时虔诚的修道院经历、大起大落的政治生活,又让他对希伯来文化有了更深刻的生命体验。在与希腊精神和希伯来精神的相遇过程中,但丁借助《神曲》中地狱-炼狱-天堂的旅程,探寻人类的命运,寻找人生的价值意义。 在《神曲》地狱、炼狱和天堂三部曲中奇谲怪异的情节中,独特的人物命运,多义性的言说方式,都是文本张力的最好的诠释。尤利西斯受罚事件的真相,不是要对希腊文化或者是希伯来文化的张扬,而是启示出要审慎地对待双希文化张力中的人生：而以同为异教徒的斯塔提乌斯与维吉尔的不同境遇,彰显出了文化价值选择之于个体的价值意义；但丁对贝雅特丽齐的爱恋、赞美,抑或是遗忘、背叛,不仅揭示出真实的人生境况之时,也深刻探讨了人精神成长的可能。 但丁在改写、并置与创造等言说方式中,是要解决双希文化内在的“自然/恩典”对立矛盾,他有意地忽视原罪而为人争取独立自由,确立了人生的价值高度；同时强调人生的自救与忏悔,在回归宗教信仰的过程中,赋予人的灵魂以永恒的向度。但丁最后用爱来弥合理性与信仰这两种文化的思维模式的差异,为人拓宽了生命的广度、挖掘了灵魂的深度。但丁的这些探索在作品中整体上是和谐统一的,但也遮掩不了其在思想、文本上所体现出来的矛盾与危机,可以说,他的成功是有限的“成功”,他的失败是一种高贵的“失败”。但丁既成就了其自身的伟大,也铸就了《神曲》的经典性。
[Abstract]:The Middle Ages is an era of exchange, fusion, antagonism and development between Greek culture and Hebrew culture. The tension between the two cultures constitutes the main characteristics of medieval culture. Dante as the thinker of medieval culture and the summer of the times, the tension of Shuangxi culture is especially obvious in his thought. His work "Divine Song" not only has pious praise for medieval theology, but also reveals the dawn of humanism in the new era. Under the guidance of "double Truth", it constructs a road of perfect life. In fact, there is a limit to the fusion between the two cultures. In essence, the two cultures are two heterogeneous cultures, so the Divine Song shows the tension of polysemy and contradiction. The tension in the text is not only the inner tension of the culture itself, but also the result of Dante's thinking of Shuangxi culture. In this sense, Dante deserves to be the greatest poet of the Middle Ages, and also the classic of the Divine Song. From Dante's life experience, it can be seen that he received a good Greek-style education of knowledge, formed the Greek spirit as the core of the ideal of life, at the same time pious monastery experience, the ups and downs of political life. It also gave him a deeper life experience of Hebrew culture. In his encounter with the Greek and Hebrew spirits, Dante sought the fate of mankind and the value of life through the journey of hell, purgatory and heaven in the Divine Song. In Hell, Purgatory and Paradise Trilogy, the unique fate of characters and polysemy are the best interpretations of the tension of the text. The truth of Ulysses's punishment is not to publicize Greek culture or Hebrew culture, but to reveal that life should be treated cautiously in the tension of double Greek culture: instead, the different circumstances of Statius and Virgil, who were also pagans, It shows the value significance of the cultural value choice to the individual; Dante's love, praise, or forgetting, betrayal of Beatrice not only revealed the real circumstances of life, but also deeply explored the possibility of spiritual growth. In the way of rewriting, co-placing and creating, Dante wants to solve the contradiction of "nature / grace" inherent in Shuangxi culture. He deliberately neglects the original sin and strives for independence and freedom for human beings, thus establishing the high value of life. At the same time emphasize the self-rescue and repentance of life, in the process of returning to religious belief, give the human soul an eternal dimension. Dante finally uses love to bridge the difference between rationality and belief, which broadens the breadth of life and excavates the depth of soul. Dante's exploration is harmonious and unified in his works as a whole, but he can not hide the contradictions and crises embodied in his thoughts and texts. It can be said that his success is limited to "success." His failure was a noble failure. Dante not only achieved his own greatness, but also made the classics of the Divine Song.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I546.072
本文编号：2430555
[Abstract]:The Middle Ages is an era of exchange, fusion, antagonism and development between Greek culture and Hebrew culture. The tension between the two cultures constitutes the main characteristics of medieval culture. Dante as the thinker of medieval culture and the summer of the times, the tension of Shuangxi culture is especially obvious in his thought. His work "Divine Song" not only has pious praise for medieval theology, but also reveals the dawn of humanism in the new era. Under the guidance of "double Truth", it constructs a road of perfect life. In fact, there is a limit to the fusion between the two cultures. In essence, the two cultures are two heterogeneous cultures, so the Divine Song shows the tension of polysemy and contradiction. The tension in the text is not only the inner tension of the culture itself, but also the result of Dante's thinking of Shuangxi culture. In this sense, Dante deserves to be the greatest poet of the Middle Ages, and also the classic of the Divine Song. From Dante's life experience, it can be seen that he received a good Greek-style education of knowledge, formed the Greek spirit as the core of the ideal of life, at the same time pious monastery experience, the ups and downs of political life. It also gave him a deeper life experience of Hebrew culture. In his encounter with the Greek and Hebrew spirits, Dante sought the fate of mankind and the value of life through the journey of hell, purgatory and heaven in the Divine Song. In Hell, Purgatory and Paradise Trilogy, the unique fate of characters and polysemy are the best interpretations of the tension of the text. The truth of Ulysses's punishment is not to publicize Greek culture or Hebrew culture, but to reveal that life should be treated cautiously in the tension of double Greek culture: instead, the different circumstances of Statius and Virgil, who were also pagans, It shows the value significance of the cultural value choice to the individual; Dante's love, praise, or forgetting, betrayal of Beatrice not only revealed the real circumstances of life, but also deeply explored the possibility of spiritual growth. In the way of rewriting, co-placing and creating, Dante wants to solve the contradiction of "nature / grace" inherent in Shuangxi culture. He deliberately neglects the original sin and strives for independence and freedom for human beings, thus establishing the high value of life. At the same time emphasize the self-rescue and repentance of life, in the process of returning to religious belief, give the human soul an eternal dimension. Dante finally uses love to bridge the difference between rationality and belief, which broadens the breadth of life and excavates the depth of soul. Dante's exploration is harmonious and unified in his works as a whole, but he can not hide the contradictions and crises embodied in his thoughts and texts. It can be said that his success is limited to "success." His failure was a noble failure. Dante not only achieved his own greatness, but also made the classics of the Divine Song.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I546.072
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 苏敏;《神曲》旧因素略论[J];重庆师院学报(哲学社会科学版);1988年04期
2 莫运平;但丁《神曲》的救赎主题[J];郴州师范高等专科学校学报;2000年03期
3 马翰如;;我们为什么走不进天堂?——《神曲·地狱篇》的东拉西扯[J];读书;1990年10期
4 雒庆娇;;批评视角与国外的《神曲》研究[J];甘肃联合大学学报(社会科学版);2006年04期
5 余志平;《神曲》与中世纪美学[J];重庆师院学报(哲学社会科学版);1997年01期
6 赵景路;新旧交替时期的一部不朽杰作——谈《神曲》的思想和艺术[J];渤海学刊;1985年03期
7 王少杰;论但丁、歌德、托尔斯泰作品中的道德完善主题[J];河北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版);1997年02期
8 李鹏;;论《神曲》对中世纪哲学论争的回应[J];南阳师范学院学报;2008年04期
9 蒋承勇;从神圣观照世俗——对但丁《神曲》“两重性”的另一种理解[J];四川外语学院学报;2002年02期
10 马小朝;论但丁《神曲》的理性与信仰[J];山东师范大学学报(人文社会科学版);1999年05期
，本文编号：2430555
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/wxchuangz/2430555.html
