后苏联的文学生产:俄罗斯帝国情怀下的文化产业

发布时间：2019-03-01 13:17

【摘要】：苏联是文学大国——作家队伍庞大,有许多著名的文学杂志和出版社,文学作品发行量动辄几十万和百万,文学作品对社会的召唤力难以想象……苏联解体了,苏联时代的文学存在方式也就终结了。但是,这不意味着文学在后苏联俄国就消亡了,相反,文学队伍仍然庞大(只不过少有职业作家)、出现了一批新的著名的文学杂志和出版社、产生了种类比过去多得多的文学奖项、文学产品的生产量比苏联时代是有增无减、文学生产的产值并不小、有若干作家的社会贡献力是政治家难以企及的,等等。人们担忧文学在后苏联俄国会消亡的现象没有发生。之所以如此,关键原因之一是:文学在后苏联俄国不再是官方意识形态,却自动融入了重建俄罗斯帝国的大潮中;因为废除了苏联时代新闻报刊审查制度,因而更多的人有机会投入文学活动,且主流的文学生产者是满怀俄罗斯帝国情怀的;决定文学产品命运的,不是官方意识形态,而是文化市场,但文学作为文化产业得到社会和各方面人士的关注,却不仅仅由于它具有市场效应,更因为它诉说了复兴俄罗斯帝国的国民认同。
[Abstract]:The Soviet Union is a great literary country-a huge group of writers, there are many famous literary magazines and publishing houses, the circulation of literary works is often hundreds of thousands and millions, literary works call the society unimaginable. When the Soviet Union disintegrated, the literary existence of the Soviet era ended. However, this does not mean that literature died out in the post-Soviet Russia. On the contrary, the literary team is still large (except that there are few professional writers), and a new batch of famous literary magazines and publishing houses has emerged. There were a lot more literary awards than in the past. The production of literary products increased unabated than in the Soviet era. The output value of literary production was not small. There were several writers whose contribution to society was beyond the reach of politicians, and so on. There is concern that the demise of literature in the post-Soviet Russia Congress has not occurred. One of the key reasons for this is that literature was no longer an official ideology in post-Soviet Russia, but it was automatically integrated into the tide of reconstruction of the Russian empire; Because of abolishing the censorship system of newspapers and periodicals in Soviet times, more and more people have the opportunity to engage in literary activities, and the mainstream literary producers are full of the feelings of the Russian Empire; It is not the official ideology that determines the fate of literary products, but the cultural market. But literature, as a cultural industry, has attracted the attention of society and people from all walks of life, not just because of its market effect. But also because it speaks of the national identity of reviving the Russian Empire.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学文学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“1990年代以来俄罗斯文学发展”(项目号02BWW006)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：I512.06

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