湖南平江灯戏艺术风格和演唱特点研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 13:36

【摘要】：平江灯戏是湘东北地区民间戏曲的代提,主要流行区域在湖南平江、湖北、江西邻近县市。灯戏的风格独特,体裁丰富、特色鲜明,充满浓郁的生活气息,平江灯戏源于日常生产生活,是劳动人民的精神财富、智慧结晶。平江灯戏历经不断的完善、探索,从声腔、表演、道具到舞美等逐渐自成体系,已发展成为颇具特色的地方戏剧艺术。2009年被列为湖南省非物质文化遗产,予以保护。本文在前人研究成果的基础上着重探索和研究平江灯戏的艺术特色和演唱特点,以一种全新的视角向世人展示平江灯戏的特色。本文不但积极宣传了平江灯戏,同时对促进平江地方戏曲艺术的发展有着重要意义。文章通过以下几个方面对平江灯戏的特点进行概述及分析：第一章论述平江灯戏产生的自然地理环境和历史人文环境以及灯戏的历史沿革。纯山出纯水,纯水倚纯山,平江的山山水水是一道天然屏障,保护和维持了这里艺术的原始特点。平江人杰地灵,独特的人文气息让平江灯戏有一种别具一格的魅力。平江灯戏经过上百年的发展和孕育,经历了从兴起到衰退再到兴起无数次曲折发展的过程,不断成熟和完善。第二章论述平江灯戏的艺术特点。平江灯戏程式丰富、角色发展相对成熟。音乐以弋阳腔演变的罗罗腔(或南罗腔)为基调,演变为平江灯戏音乐。灯戏唱腔主要由正调、小调和尺戏三大部分组成。旋律跳跃、节奏明朗、曲调有的活泼诙谐、风趣、轻松；有的柔和、甜美……平江灯戏用平江方言俚语演唱。由于平江方言在声调、声母、韵母都与其它语言有明显区别,在全国方言学中具有突出特征,致使平江灯戏在唱腔上有一种特殊的味道,其音程关系独具特点,其中四度音程的运用在灯戏唱腔中频繁和多样,是形成平江灯戏唱腔特点的重要因素。灯戏剧目多取材于历史或民间传说,也有反映历代政治、军事斗争的题材；同时也有编演的反映现实生活的剧目。第三章论述平江灯戏的演唱特点。灯戏作为地方戏曲,“唱”是举足轻重的一部分。平江灯戏的唱法受平江方言的影响,在讲究字正腔圆的基础上,咬字发音与平江方言紧密相连。衬词运用较多,真假声转换灵活,在很多时候会运用到喉音,这是平江灯戏唱法特色之一。平江灯戏作为湖南省非物质文化遗产保护项目,面临的现状和困境不容忽视。本土文化要传承和发展,应该建立在保护的基础上,先保护再传承。平江灯戏的保护和传承,应该由各方而同心协力,形成科学机制,政府相关部门带头,人民从自身转变观念,让灯戏成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
[Abstract]:Pingjiang Lantern Opera is a kind of folk opera in Northeast Hunan. The main popular areas are Pingjiang, Hubei and Jiangxi neighboring counties and cities. Lantern drama has a unique style, rich genres, distinctive features, full of rich flavor of life, Pingjiang Lantern Opera originated from daily production life, is the spiritual wealth of the working people, the crystallization of wisdom. Pingjiang Lantern Opera has developed into a unique local drama art through continuous perfection and exploration, ranging from sound, performance, props to dance beauty. It was listed as the intangible cultural heritage of Hunan Province in 2009 and protected. Based on the previous research results, this paper focuses on exploring and studying the artistic characteristics and singing characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern Opera, and shows the characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern Opera to the world from a new angle of view. This paper not only actively propagandizes Pingjiang Lantern Opera, but also plays an important role in promoting the development of Pingjiang local opera art. This paper summarizes and analyzes the characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern Drama in the following aspects: the first chapter discusses the natural geographical environment and historical and humanistic environment of Pingjiang Lantern Drama and the historical evolution of the Lantern Drama. Pure mountain water, pure water lean pure mountain, Pingjiang landscape is a natural barrier, to protect and maintain the original characteristics of art here. Pingjiang outstanding people, unique humanistic atmosphere Pingjiang Lantern Opera has a unique charm. After hundreds of years of development and gestation, Pingjiang Lantern Opera has experienced the process from rise to decline to rise numerous twists and turns. The second chapter discusses the artistic characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern Opera. Pingjiang Lantern Drama program is rich, the role development is relatively mature. The music is based on the Loluo (or Nanluo) of Yiyang, and becomes the music of Pingjiang Lantern Opera. Lamp opera singing mainly by the positive tune, minor and ruler opera three major components. The melody jumps, the rhythm is clear, the melody is lively and witty, funny and relaxed; some are soft and sweet. Pingjiang Lantern Opera is sung slang in Pingjiang dialect. Since Pingjiang dialect is obviously different from other languages in tone, consonant and vowel, it has prominent characteristics in the national dialectology, which makes Pingjiang Lantern Opera have a special taste in singing, and its interval relationship is unique. The use of the four-degree interval in the singing of the lantern opera is an important factor in the formation of the singing characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern Opera. Most of the dramas of lantern dramas are drawn from history or folklore. They also reflect the themes of the political and military struggles of the past dynasties, as well as the repertoire of dramas that reflect real life. The third chapter discusses the singing characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern Opera. As a local opera, "singing" is a very important part. The singing method of Pingjiang Lantern Opera is influenced by Pingjiang dialect. The use of contrast words, true and false sound conversion flexible, in many cases will be used to throat, this is one of the characteristics of Pingjiang Lantern opera singing. As an intangible cultural heritage protection project in Hunan Province, Pingjiang Lantern Opera is faced with the present situation and predicament that can not be ignored. Local culture should be inherited and developed on the basis of protection. The protection and inheritance of Pingjiang Lantern Opera should be coordinated by all parties and form a scientific mechanism. The relevant government departments should take the lead and the people change their ideas from their own to make the Lantern Opera an indispensable part of people's life.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：J825

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