从边缘到中心：晚清以来上海评弹研究

发布时间：2018-08-21 14:32

【摘要】：作为一种以说或唱的方式来讲述故事的传统民间曲艺形式,评弹在我国的江南地区有着悠久的历史渊源和发展历史,与明清以来的江南社会生活有着特殊的密切关系,广泛参与到社会生活的各方面。以往的评弹研究,大多是从单纯的文学史或曲艺史的角度出发,失之偏颇。近年来虽然有了从历史学的角度去研究评弹与苏州社会、女弹词史的,但对评弹历史上最繁荣时期的表现及其与上海城市变迁互动关系的深入研究,仍然欠缺。本文主要在历史学的分析框架下,借鉴德国城市地理学家克里斯塔勒(W.Christaller)提出的“中心地理论”,对晚清以来上海评弹的历史发展作纵向长时段的考察。从对文化社会研究的实际需要出发,本文尝试将这一理论所提出的“中心地”概念加以改造,整合成评弹的“中心市场”的概念,考察中心市场、评弹、社会变迁三者之间的互动关系。评弹在历史上的传播和发展始终存在一个“中心市场”。在19世纪中叶以前,评弹的传播凸显为以苏州城市为中心并向周边辐射的形态,首先是次一级的中心城镇如无锡、常熟、昆山等,并层层深入,直至广大的江南市镇乡村。苏州城市是这一时期评弹最高层级的中心市场。评弹的中心市场由下列要素组成：书场、书目、演员、听众等。中心市场转移到上海,表现为这些要素的质与量都超越了苏州。这是社会变迁的结果,是伴随着19世纪中叶以后江南经济社会的中心由苏州转移到上海而实现的。在20世纪20到40年代之间,随着新的上海都市中心市场的确立,评弹的内涵发生了丰富而深刻的改变,同时也对所依存的上海都市社会文化造成了深刻影响。显然,中心市场的存在贯穿了评弹繁荣发展的历史进程；评弹中心市场的强度,决定了评弹历史发展的高度和成就。评弹中心市场的层级越高,评弹所能够辐射和影响的范围就越大；反之亦然。
[Abstract]:As a traditional folk art form of telling stories by saying or singing, it has a long history and a history of development in the south of the Yangtze River, and has a special and close relationship with the social life in the south of the Yangtze River since the Ming and Qing dynasties. Extensive participation in all aspects of social life. Most of the previous researches on the evaluation of PSB were based on the pure history of literature or the history of quyi. In recent years, although there has been a historical perspective to study the history of criticism and Suzhou society, female bullet ci, but the performance of the most prosperous period in the history of bomb criticism and its interaction with the changes of Shanghai city, there is still a lack of in-depth study. Based on the historical analysis frame and the "central land theory" put forward by W.Christaller, a German urban geologist, this paper makes a long and longitudinal study of the historical development of Shanghai's bomb evaluation since the late Qing Dynasty. In view of the practical needs of the study of cultural society, this paper attempts to transform the concept of "central place" put forward by this theory into the concept of "central market" for bomb evaluation, to investigate the central market, and to evaluate the concept of "central market". The interaction between the three social changes. There has always been a "central market" for the dissemination and development of the assessment in history. Before the middle of the 19th century, the dissemination of the assessment was focused on the Suzhou city as the center and radiated to the periphery. First, the sub-level central towns such as Wuxi, Changshu, Kunshan, and so on, went deep into each layer, even to the vast towns and villages in the south of the Yangtze River. Suzhou city is the central market of the highest level in this period. The central market consists of the following elements: library, bibliography, actors, listeners, etc. The transfer of the central market to Shanghai is reflected in the fact that the quality and quantity of these elements have surpassed that of Suzhou. This is the result of social change, with the economic and social center of Jiangnan transferred from Suzhou to Shanghai after the middle of the 19th century. In the 1920s and 1940s, with the establishment of the new market in Shanghai's urban center, the connotation of the evaluation of the bomb has changed greatly, and it has also exerted a profound influence on the social culture of the city that depends on it. Obviously, the existence of the central market runs through the historical process of the prosperity and development of the evaluation, and the strength of the market determines the height and achievement of the historical development of the evaluation. The higher the level of the market, the greater the range of radiation and influence the bomb can radiate and influence, and vice versa.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：J826

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