中国人情感的仪式性诉求与礼乐表达

发布时间：2019-05-03 19:02

【摘要】：乐,是由音声为主体、艺术化表达人类情感的方式,在人类文明发展过程中被赋予越来越多的功能。中国先民将乐分为礼乐和俗乐两大类型,对应仪式和非仪式为用。用于仪式且固化者为礼乐,不用于仪式者为俗乐,这是类分的意义。乐可表现哀心、乐心、喜心、怒心、敬心、爱心,每一种心境都是情感的具体显现,礼的意义在于"著诚去伪",礼乐负载"天地之情",以达"神明之德"。没有仪式为用,就没有礼乐存在,中国传统社会中乐之仪式为用定然与礼相辅形成。乐与礼制仪式相须为用,其乐章、乐曲被注入了仪式感,脱离这种仪式场域论乐难以把握礼乐意义。人类情感可类分出多种功能,乐因情感之功能类分出多种用途。人类需要仪式化情感诉求,这仪式化情感诉求中所用的乐当属礼乐情感。在中国传统社会中,仪式性用乐标志着礼乐观念的产生。礼乐观念催生礼乐制度,而礼乐制度必有礼乐形态。礼乐形态与礼制/礼俗仪式相须为用,形成场域,既烘托仪式气氛,又表达人类的丰富的仪式化情感。中国先民在社会长期发展过程中将仪式化诉求类分为五,所谓吉嘉军宾凶,彰显仪式的类型性意义,如此这仪式化情感诉求所用的乐具丰富性,由不同乐制类型以为对应,这是礼乐整体意义下雅乐核心为用和鼓吹乐等多类型、多层级为用。形式不同,情感指向也不一致,层级显现差异。礼乐同样是人类情感表达的基本方式,以音声为主体,艺术化表达彰显情感的丰富性意义。
[Abstract]:Music is an artistic way of expressing human feelings by sound. It is endowed with more and more functions in the development of human civilization. Chinese ancestors divided music into ritual music and common music, corresponding to rituals and non-rituals. Used for rituals and solidified for rituals and not for rituals for vulgar music, this is the meaning of the category. Music can express sadness, joy, anger, respect, love, each mood is the concrete manifestation of emotion, the meaning of ceremony lies in "sincere to fake", ritual and music load "heaven and earth," in order to achieve "God's virtue." Without rituals, there is no ritual and music. In traditional Chinese society, the rituals of music are bound to be supplemented by rituals. Music and ritual need to be used, its movement, the music has been injected into the ritual sense, apart from this kind of rituals, it is difficult to grasp the significance of ritual music. Human emotion can be classified into a variety of functions, and the function of emotion is divided into a variety of uses. Human beings need ritualized emotional appeal, and the music used in the ritualized emotional appeal belongs to ritual and musical emotion. In the traditional Chinese society, ritualistic music marks the emergence of the concept of ritual and music. The concept of ritual and music gave birth to the system of ritual and music, and the system of ritual and music must have the form of ritual and music. The form of ritual music and ritual system / ritual ceremony should be used in order to form a field, which not only lays stress on the ritual atmosphere, but also expresses the rich ritualized emotion of human beings. In the long-term development of the society, the Chinese ancestors divided the ritual appeal into five, the so-called Jijia military accomplice, revealing the genre significance of the ceremony, so the rich music used in the ritualized emotional appeal is corresponding to the different types of music system. This is the whole sense of elegant music core for use and blow music and other types, multi-level for use. The form is different, the emotion direction is not the same, the level shows the difference. Rituals and music are also the basic way of human emotion expression, with sound as the main body, artistic expression shows the rich meaning of emotion.
【作者单位】：中国艺术研究院音乐研究所;
【分类号】：J609.2

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