古琴打谱与琴曲同宗变异——为《松弦馆琴谱》钩沉序

发布时间：2018-03-01 15:23

本文关键词： 古琴打谱《松弦馆琴谱》　出处：《中国音乐》2012年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国古琴艺术源远流长,在三千多年的历史中积累了数以千计的琴曲遗产。琴曲所采用的减字谱,是一种以汉字四角定位的指法谱,并非精密的曲调和节奏的记谱法,还需经过琴家打谱的第二度创作,方能转化成演奏谱供人们演奏。为了推动打谱的进程,中国民族器乐学会古琴学术委员会(以下简称中国古琴学会)组织力量将虞山琴派代表作《松弦馆琴谱》进行打谱出版。本文是为此打谱曲集作的序言。笔者认为,在我国尚有四分之三的传统琴谱来打谱的情况下,《松弦馆琴谱》有计划地进行打谱,开创了优良的先例,值得赞扬。本文从三个方面论及打谱的学术价值:一是"打谱"具有"第二作曲"的意义,认为将减字谱的符号创造性地演绎成带有琴曲的曲调和节奏的乐谱,比一般所谓"表演"的二度创作更富于独特的功力;二是"打谱"琴曲的特点是琴派的重要标志,同一首琴曲的减字谱,常常有着不同流派的打谱版本,充分地呈现出各琴派的特征,本文以虞山派的《松弦馆琴谱》为例说明;三是"打谱"是促使琴曲同宗变异的成因,由于减字谱历来是共享的音乐资源,任何人都可以撷取来进行"第二作曲"的再创作,因此"打谱"中的同异现象,充分体现了文人音乐的创作思维。
[Abstract]:The art of ancient Chinese harp has a long history and has accumulated thousands of legacies in more than 3,000 years of history. The subtraction spectrum used in the piano music is a finger spectrum based on the quadrangle of Chinese characters, not a precise notation of tunes and rhythms. In order to promote the process of playing music, it will take a second time for the pianist to create a score before it can be converted into a musical score for people to play. The Guqin academic Committee of the Chinese National instrumental Society (hereinafter referred to as the Guqin Society of China) organized and published the masterpiece of Yushan Qin School, Song Xuan Guqin Profiles. This paper is a preface to this collection. Under the situation that there are still 3/4 traditional piano compositions to be played in our country, the "Song string Guild" has been playing music in a planned way, which has set an excellent precedent. This paper discusses the academic value of playing music from three aspects: one is that "playing music" has the meaning of "second composition", and it is believed that the symbols of the subtraction spectrum are creatively interpreted into musical scores with tunes and rhythms of piano music. It is more unique than the second creation of the so-called "performance"; the second is that the characteristics of "playing music" are an important symbol of the piano school, and that the subtraction of the same piece of music often has different genres of typography. This paper takes Yushan School's "Song Xuan Guanqin" as an example to illustrate that "playing music" is the cause of the same variation of piano music, because the subtraction spectrum has always been a shared music resource. Anyone can recreate "second composition", so the similarities and differences in "playing music" fully reflect the creative thinking of literati music.
【分类号】：J632.31

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